Phytochemical, In-silico Analysis and Anticancer Activity of a Bioactive Principle isolated from Amaranthus tricolor (L)

Cancer is a serious concern at present. Development of affective and side effects lacking anticancer therapy is the trending research direction in healthcare. Bioactive phytochemicals are preferred as they pretend differentially on cancer cells only without altering normal cells. The present study is aimed to isolate, characterize and to evaluate anticancer activity of a lead phytochemical from leaves of Amaranthus tricolor (L). The methanolic extract of A. tricolor (L) leaves was prepared by cold maceration and labelled as ATME. The ATME extract was fractionated with equal volume of chloroform and water. The chloroform extract was further fractionated with n-hexane:ethyl acetate (6:4 v/v) as mobile phase suggested by HPTLC. Based on bioautography the third fraction was selected for further in-silico analysis and anticancer activity. The structural interpretation of isolated compound SOWIS-III was determined as a flavonol glycoside 24methylene cycloartanol. It was docked with human oestrogen receptor and confirmed as anticancer lead molecules. The antioxidant property for 24-methylene cycloartanol was determined by DPPH method. It showed strong radical scavenging property in dose dependent manner. The IC50 values of 24-methylene cycloartanol and standard ascorbic acid was found to be 31.03 and 14.29 mu g/mL respectively. The compound 24-methylene cycloartanol inhibited the growth of MCF-7 cells from human breast cancer with IC50 value 16.93 mu g/mL and cisplatin with IC50 value 4.586 mu g/mL determined by MTT assay. It was observed that the tested phytochemical showed promising anticancer property towards the selected cancer cell lines.