Modeling and Performance Analysis of FFR-aided Dense Cellular Network in 3-D Environment

The location of base stations (BSs) and mobile users in the cellular network are typically modeled by poison point process theory considering 2-D environment. These models are suitable for the less dense rural or suburban environment, but not suitable for a dense urban environment. Moreover, with the admittance of Internet of Things (IoT), a large number of self-operating devices have started connecting over the wireless network. It necessitates the 5G wireless network to analyze the performance of the system in a more realistic three dimensions (3D) environment. In this work, we model and analyze the performance of fractional frequency reuse (FFR)-aided dense cellular network in a realistic 3-D environment. The proposed model applies to any general environment. Based on the proposed 3-D cellular network model, the coverage probability (CP) and average rate expressions are derived. Compared to traditional 2-D cell deployment, the proposed 3-D cell deployment is more accurate, and provides a closer bound of CP and average rate. It is shown that the performance of the cellular network in 2-D network overestimates the actual performance of the cellular network in 3-D environment.