Photonic methods for rapid crystallization of LiMn2O4 cathodes for solid-state thin-film batteries

被引:13
作者
Chen, Xubin [1 ]
Sastre, Jordi [1 ]
Rumpel, Matthias [2 ]
Flegler, Andreas [2 ]
Singhania, Anurag [3 ]
Bonner, Javier Balta [3 ]
Hoffmann, Patrik [3 ,4 ]
Romanyuk, Yaroslav E. [1 ]
机构
[1] Empa Swiss Fed Labs Mat Sci & Technol, Lab Thin Films & Photovolta, Uberlandstr 129, CH-8600 Dubendorf, Switzerland
[2] Fraunhofer Inst Silicate Res ISC, Neunerpl 2, D-97082 Wurzburg, Germany
[3] Empa Swiss Fed Labs Mat Sci & Technol, Lab Adv Mat Proc, Feuerwerkerstr 39, CH-3602 Thun, Switzerland
[4] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne EPFL, Lab Photon Mat & Characterizat, Stn 17, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
关键词
Photonic annealing; Thin-film batteries; Solid-state batteries; LiMn2O4; Crystallization; RECHARGEABLE LITHIUM BATTERIES; LI-ION INTERCALATION; CURRENT COLLECTOR; ELECTRODES; TRANSPORT; KINETICS; SYSTEM; OXIDES;
D O I
10.1016/j.jpowsour.2020.229424
中图分类号
O64 [物理化学(理论化学)、化学物理学];
学科分类号
070304 ; 081704 ;
摘要
High temperature and prolonged thermal annealing for the crystallization of cathode in thin-film batteries (TFBs) restricts the choice of current collector and substrates and causes lithium loss in the cathode. This work explores photonic-based alternatives for cathode crystallization, specifically xenon flash-lamp annealing (FLA), ultraviolet excimer laser irradiation (UV-laser), and infrared laser (IR) annealing. The effect of these methods is systematically compared to that of thermal annealing in terms of processing time, crystal structure and electrochemical performance of the LiMn2O4 model thin-film cathode. FLA and UV excimer laser can crystallize LMO cathode in short periods of 6 min and 25 min, respectively, compared to the reference (ref.) thermal processing time of 60 min at 600 degrees C. The performance of the FLA-processed LMO cathodes (crystallinity, capacity, diffusion coefficient) is comparable to that of the thermal ref. with a capacity of 6 mu Ah cm(-2) and 5 mu Ah/cm(-2) at 15 C for FLA and thermal ref. respectively, with the practical limit of the 150 nm LMO film being 9.5 mu Ah cm(-2). A thinfilm FTO/LMO/Li(3)POxNy/Li solid-state battery was assembled and cycled at a high rate of 10 C with only a negligible capacity fade of 3.6% after 200 cycles. FLA can be used as an effective alternative for fast crystallization of thin-film cathodes on temperature-sensitive substrates and is suitable for upscaling processes.
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页数:9
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