Consumers' influence on the thermal performance of small SDHW systems - Theoretical investigations

Usually when SDHW systems are tested and modeled the daily hot-water consumption and consumption pattern are constant during all days of the test period and simulation period. This is not realistic in 'real life'. Numerical simulations with detailed simulation models have been carried out to investigate the influence on the thermal performance of different hot-water consumptions and consumption patterns. Two different small SDHW systems are taken into the calculation, a low-flow system where the heat storage consists of a mantle tank and a high flow system with an internal heat exchanger spiral in the heat storage. Two different domestic hot water (DHW)-load profiles have been taken into the calculation. One of the DHW-load profiles has three draw-offs at equal time, size and duration every day while the other DHW-load profile is a realistic profile for a Danish family where the hot-water consumption and consumption pattern vary from day to day and furthermore weekends and holidays are taken into account in this profile. Different volumes of the tanks in the two systems are taken into the calculation in order to determine how the thermal performance of the systems is influenced by the tank volume for different hot-water consumptions. Furthermore it is investigated how the thermal performance of the systems are influenced by mixing in the solar tank during draw-offs. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.