Associations of Proatrial Natriuretic Peptide with Components of the Metabolic Syndrome in Adolescents and Young Adults from the General Population

BACKGROUND In middle-aged and elderly populations, circulating natriuretic peptide concentrations are negatively associated with several components of the metabolic syndrome. Whether these negative associations are also present in healthy adolescents and young adults from the general population are unknown. METHODS In a cross-sectional setting, we measured plasma concentrations of mid-regional proatrial natriuretic peptide (MR-proANP) in 343 adolescents (age 14-16 years) and 616 young adults (age 20-28 years) from the Danish site of the European Youth Heart Study, which is a population-based study of cardiovascular disease risk factors in children, adolescents and young adults. We used linear regression analysis to examine the associations, expressed as standardized regression coefficients, of various variables of interest with MR-proANP stratified according to age group, adjusting for age and gender. RESULTS Among the young adults, MR-proANP was negatively associated with body mass index (BMI) (beta = -0.10, P = 0.02), waist circumference (WC) (beta = -0.14, P < 0.001), systolic blood pressure (BP) (beta = -0.08, P = 0.03), diastolic BP (beta = -0.23, P < 0.001), insulin (beta = -0.15, P < 0.001), and triglycerides (beta = -0.14, P < 0.001). Among the adolescents a somehow different pattern was observed since MR-proANP was not significantly associated with BMI (beta = -0.00, P = 0.98), WC (beta = -0.01, P = 0.90) and insulin (beta = -0.02, P = 0.69). Nevertheless, among the adolescents, MR-proANP was negatively associated with triglycerides (beta = -0.13, P = 0.01), diastolic BP (beta = -0.12, P = 0.01) and systolic BP (beta = -0.10, P = 0.10), although the latter association was of borderline significance. CONCLUSIONS The young adults displayed significant negative associations between MR-proANP and several components of the metabolic syndrome, whereas such associations were not found among the adolescents besides triglycerides and diastolic BP.