The self-attribution bias and paranormal beliefs

被引：13

作者：

van Elk, Michiel ^{[1
,2
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Amsterdam, Dept Psychol, Nieuwe Achtergracht 129B, NL-1018 WT Amsterdam, Netherlands

[2] Univ Amsterdam, Amsterdam Brain & Cognit Ctr, Amsterdam, Netherlands

来源：

CONSCIOUSNESS AND COGNITION | 2017年 / 49卷

关键词：

Paranormal beliefs; Self-attribution bias; Cognitive biases; Individual differences; Superstition; Illusion of control; RELIGIOUS BELIEF; AGENCY DETECTION; POSITIVITY BIAS; ILLUSION; CHANCE; JUDGMENTS; SKEPTICS; CHILDREN; PRONE;

D O I：

10.1016/j.concog.2017.02.001

中图分类号：

B84 [心理学];

学科分类号：

04 ; 0402 ;

摘要：

The present study investigated the relation between paranormal beliefs, illusory control and the self-attribution bias, i.e., the motivated tendency to attribute positive outcomes to oneself while negative outcomes are externalized. Visitors of a psychic fair played a card guessing game and indicated their perceived control over randomly selected cards as a function of the congruency and valence of the card. A stronger self-attribution bias was observed for paranormal believers compared to skeptics and this bias was specifically related to traditional religious beliefs and belief in superstition. No relation between paranormal beliefs and illusory control was found. Self-report measures indicated that paranormal beliefs were associated to being raised in a spiritual family and to anomalous experiences during childhood. Thereby this study suggests that paranormal beliefs are related to specific cognitive biases that in turn are shaped by socio-cultural factors. (C) 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

引用

页码：313 / 321

页数：9

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