Evaluating peer-influence processes in a prison-based therapeutic community: a dynamic network approach

被引:9
作者
Kreager, Derek A. [1 ,2 ]
Schaefer, David R. [3 ]
Davidson, Kimberly M. [1 ]
Zajac, Gary [2 ]
Haynie, Dana L. [4 ]
De Leon, George [5 ]
机构
[1] Penn State Univ, Dept Sociol & Criminol, 211 Oswald Tower, University Pk, PA 16802 USA
[2] Penn State Univ, Criminal Justice Res Ctr, 211 Oswald Tower, University Pk, PA 16802 USA
[3] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Sociol, 3151 Social Sci Plaza, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
[4] Ohio State Univ, Dept Sociol, 238 Townshend Halt, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
[5] NYU, Sch Med, 550 First Ave, New York, NY 10016 USA
基金
美国国家卫生研究院;
关键词
Therapeutic community; Corrections; Social networks; Peer influence; Treatment; RECIPROCITY; OFFENDERS;
D O I
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.05.018
中图分类号
R194 [卫生标准、卫生检查、医药管理];
学科分类号
摘要
Background: The Therapeutic Community (TC) is a common treatment modality for incarcerated individuals with substance use disorders. TCs rely on peer group processes to promote lasting behavioral and identity change, yet prior research has not adequately tested the peer influence mechanisms underlying the theoretical model. This study applied dynamic network analysis to estimate peer influence processes central to TC philosophy. Methods: A stochastic actor-oriented model (SAOM) was applied to ten months of social network data collected from prisoner surveys within a TC unit (N = 62) in a medium-security Pennsylvania prison. Respondents (N = 177, 84% of unit) completed at least one prison survey and provided network and community role model nominations. Results: Although residents' levels of treatment engagement were significantly correlated with their nominated peers, estimates of peer influence for treatment engagement were non-significant in longitudinal network models. Nor were estimates of peer influence significantly greater for peers perceived as community role models. Rather, inmates connected with peers who were of similar treatment engagement as themselves (i.e., a peer selection process), and the latter primarily resulted from racial homophily in the TC social network. Conclusions: Inconsistent with the desired treatment model, treatment engagement diffusion was not evident in the sampled TC. Results suggested that highly-engaged residents clustered together at the center of the TC's social structure but had little impact on less-engaged and peripheral inmates. The relatively short (i.e., four month) program length and moderate-to-low treatment fidelity likely contributed to the lack of peer influence processes.
引用
收藏
页码:13 / 18
页数:6
相关论文
共 29 条
  • [1] Akers R.L., 2017, SOCIAL LEARNING SOCI, DOI DOI 10.4324/9781315129587
  • [2] Reciprocity, transitivity, and the mysterious three-cycle
    Block, Per
    [J]. SOCIAL NETWORKS, 2015, 40 : 163 - 173
  • [3] Therapeutic community graduates cluster together in social networks: Evidence for spatial selection as a cooperative mechanism in therapeutic communities
    Campbell, Benjamin W.
    Cranmer, Skyler
    Harvey, Carole
    Warren, Keith
    [J]. ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS, 2018, 79 : 74 - 80
  • [4] De Leon G., 1997, COMMUNITY METHOD THE
  • [5] De Leon G., 2000, THERAPEUTIC COMMUNIT
  • [6] Saving My Life: Dynamics of Peer and Staff Corrections Among Therapeutic Community Residents
    Doogan, Nathan J.
    Warren, Keith L.
    [J]. SUBSTANCE USE & MISUSE, 2017, 52 (11) : 1429 - 1438
  • [7] A network of helping: generalized reciprocity and cooperative behavior in response to peer and staff affirmations and corrections among therapeutic community residents
    Doogan, Nathan J.
    Warren, Keith
    [J]. ADDICTION RESEARCH & THEORY, 2017, 25 (03) : 243 - 250
  • [8] Understanding Process in Group-Based Intervention Delivery: Social Network Analysis and Intra-entity Variability Methods as Windows into the "Black Box"
    Elreda, Lauren Molloy
    Coatsworth, J. Douglas
    Gest, Scott D.
    Ram, Nilam
    Bamberger, Katharine
    [J]. PREVENTION SCIENCE, 2016, 17 (08) : 925 - 936
  • [9] The Evolution of Homophily
    Fu, Feng
    Nowak, Martin A.
    Christakis, Nicholas A.
    Fowler, James H.
    [J]. SCIENTIFIC REPORTS, 2012, 2
  • [10] DO CELLMATES MATTER? A CAUSAL TEST OF THE SCHOOLS OF CRIME HYPOTHESIS WITH IMPLICATIONS FOR DIFFERENTIAL ASSOCIATION AND DETERRENCE THEORIES
    Harris, Heather M.
    Nakamura, Kiminori
    Bucklen, Kristofer Bret
    [J]. CRIMINOLOGY, 2018, 56 (01) : 87 - 122