Substantia Nigra Control of Basal Ganglia Nuclei

被引:15
作者
Guatteo, Ezia [2 ]
Cucchiaroni, Maria Letizia [2 ]
Mercuri, Nicola B. [1 ,2 ,3 ]
机构
[1] Fdn Santa Lucia IRCCS, Ctr Europeo Ric Cervello, I-00143 Rome, Italy
[2] Fdn Santa Lucia IRCCS, Expt Neurol Lab, I-00143 Rome, Italy
[3] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
来源
JOURNAL OF NEURAL TRANSMISSION-SUPPLEMENT | 2009年 / 73期
关键词
Basal ganglia; Dopamine neuron; Electrophysiology; Parkinson's disease; Substantia nigra; LONG-TERM DEPRESSION; PARS RETICULATA NEURONS; MEDIUM SPINY NEURONS; FRONTAL EYE FIELDS; SUBTHALAMIC NUCLEUS; DOPAMINERGIC-NEURONS; GLOBUS-PALLIDUS; IN-VITRO; SYNAPTIC PLASTICITY; MEMBRANE-PROPERTIES;
D O I
10.1007/978-3-211-92660-4_7
中图分类号
Q189 [神经科学];
学科分类号
071006 ;
摘要
The substantia nigra, located in the ventral mesencephalon, is one of the five nuclei that constitute the basal ganglia circuit, which controls voluntary movements. It is divided into the pars compacta and the pars reticulata, which mainly contain dopaminergic and GABAergic cells respectively. Here we overview the electrophysiological properties of these substantia nigra neurons in the pars compacta and reticulata, together with their synaptic connections, and discuss the functional effects of dopaminergic and GABAergic inputs within the basal ganglia. We also examine the phenomenon that when a deficiency of dopamine (DA) occurs (e.g. in Parkinson's disease), there is an aberrant synaptic plasticity in the basal ganglia. Moreover, we point out that the appearance of an altered pattern of neuronal firing (beta-oscillations) and synchrony among neurons in the subthalamic nucleus, the internal globus pallidus, and the substantia nigra pars reticulata has been related to motor symptoms and possibly, persistent degeneration of DA-containing neurons. Finally, we believe that, based on pathophysiological data, new and significant targets for therapeutic intervention can be identified and tested.
引用
收藏
页码:91 / 101
页数:11
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