Hypoxia-induced changes in the expression of VEGF, HIF-1α and cell cycle-related molecules in ovarian cancer cells

Background: Hypoxia is important in cancer progression, and at the stage of detachment of the cancer cells from the primary lesion. This study was undertaken to analyze the effect of hypoxia on angiogenesis and cell proliferation in ovarian cancer. Materials and Methods: We first used immunohistochemistry to examine the expression of VEGF in 42 cases of ovarian carcinoma, with relevance to the p53 expression. Then, the expression of VEGF, HIF-1alpha, cell cycle-related molecules and cell numbers were examined in 4 ovarian cancer cell lines with various p53 gene status. Results: Immunohistochemistry showed that there was no significant correlation between VEGF and p53 expression. Moreover, hypoxia increased the expression of VEGF via up-regulatior of HIF-1alpha irrespective of p53 gene status. However hypoxia did not change the cell numbers, but influenced the expression of cell cycle-related molecules (increased p27 and decreased cyclin D1 and Rb). Conclusion: Hypoxia increased VEGF expression in ovarian cancer cells irrespective of p53 gene status.