Little effect of excessive biofouling on the uptake of organic contaminants by semipermeable membrane devices

被引:48
作者
Booij, Kees [1 ]
van Bommel, Ronald [1 ]
Mets, Anchelique [1 ]
Dekker, Rob [1 ]
机构
[1] Royal Netherlands Inst Sea Res, NL-1790 AB Texel, Netherlands
关键词
SPMDs; PCBs; PAHs; organochlorine pesticides; passive sampling;
D O I
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.04.033
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
The effects of water flow rate and antifouling agents on the extent of biofouling and on the uptake of non-polar organic contaminants by semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs) were studied during four field experiments in the Western Wadden Sea. Biofouling densities on the sampler surface ranged from 0.3 to 16 g dry weight dm(-2). Water sampling rates were estimated from the dissipation rates of performance reference compounds (PRCs). The antifouling agents Irgarol and capsaicin (33 mg per ml triolein) had no noticeable effect on the extent of fouling, and caused only a 5-10% increase in the absorbed amounts. Enhanced flow rates had only a minimal effect on the amount of biofouling, but caused the water sampling rates to increase by a factor of 1.2-2. Increases in PRC-derived sampling rates were reflected by increases in the absorbed amounts for compounds that were in the linear uptake stage of the sampling process. The results imply (1) that extreme biofouling does not always result in reduced sampling rates, (2) that extreme biofouling does not preclude the existence of flow effects on the sampling rates, and (3) that differences in uptake rates are quantitatively reflected by the dissipation rates of PRCs. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:2485 / 2492
页数:8
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