Conductive ceramic materials were tested as anodes on button cell SOFCs for operation on sulfur-containing (200 ppm H2S) fuels at 850 degrees C. Three ceramic families (perovskite, pyrochlore and layered-perovskite) were identified, synthesized, and tested. These compositions exhibited higher baseline performance and less degradation than conventional anodes. Modifications of these compositions exhibited no degradation or an enhancement in performance upon additions of H2S. A suite of established materials tests, including powder characterization, catalytic tests and electrochemical testing at the button-area single cell SOFC size were used understand anode performance and optimize their performance.