Effect of Abamectin on the Cereal Cyst Nematode (CCN, Heterodera avenae) and Wheat Yield

The cereal cyst nematode (CCN, Heterodera avenae) is a major pest in wheat and until now there is no pesticide registered to control this pest in China. Development of effective methods of controlling CCN is urgently needed. Abamectin is a biological pesticide that has a high nematicide activity. However, the efficacy of abamectin soil application to control CCN in wheat and its effect on yield in China remains unknown. Therefore, laboratory, greenhouse, and field tests were carried out to evaluate the potential of abamectin soil applications for CCN control and improvement of wheat yield. Laboratory tests showed that abamectin exhibited knockdown toxicity to CCN, with LC50 and LC90 values 9.8 and 59.4 mg liter(-1). Greenhouse experiment and field trials showed that soil applications of abamectin provided significant CCN control and higher straw dry weights and wheat grain yields. There was an 8.5 to 19.3% yield increase from the various abamectin treatments compared with the control. The results of this study demonstrated that abamectin exhibited a high nematicidal activity to H. avenae and adequate performance to enhance wheat crop yields.