Landscape-scale habitat characteristics and neonatal white-tailed deer survival

被引:12
|
作者
Wright, Chloe A. [1 ,4 ]
McRoberts, Jon T. [2 ]
Wiskirchen, Kevyn H. [3 ]
Keller, Barbara J. [3 ,5 ]
Millspaugh, Joshua J. [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Montana, WA Franke Coll Forestry & Conservat, Wildlife Biol Program, 32 Campus Dr, Missoula, MT 59812 USA
[2] Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, 302 Anheuser Busch Nat Resources Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA
[3] Missouri Dept Conservat, Resource Sci Div, 3500 East Gans Rd, Columbia, MO 65201 USA
[4] Univ British Columbia, Dept Biol, 1177 Res Rd, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada
[5] Minnesota Dept Nat Resources, 500 Lafayette Rd, St Paul, MN 55155 USA
来源
JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT | 2019年 / 83卷 / 06期
关键词
habitat; home range; Missouri; neonate; Odocoileus virginianus; survival; white-tailed deer; VAGINAL-IMPLANT TRANSMITTER; MARKING-INDUCED ABANDONMENT; CAUSE-SPECIFIC MORTALITY; ELK CALF SURVIVAL; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; MATERNAL INVESTMENT; COYOTE PREDATION; BEAR PREDATION; FAWN SURVIVAL; FEMALE ELK;
D O I
10.1002/jwmg.21711
中图分类号
Q14 [生态学(生物生态学)];
学科分类号
071012 ; 0713 ;
摘要
Landscape-level habitat characteristics affect neonatal white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) survival. Little is known, however, about how changes in maternal habitat use after parturition affect neonate survival. We quantified survival rates and determined if neonate survival to 8 weeks was affected by weekly maternal habitat use in the agricultural Glaciated Plains (GP) and forest-grassland Ozark (OZ) eco-regions of Missouri, USA. We captured 127 pregnant female deer during 2015-2017, and fitted each with a global positioning system (GPS) radio-collar and vaginal implant transmitter (VIT). We captured 226 neonatal deer during 2015-2017, fitted each with an expandable radio-collar, and monitored survival status daily. We estimated weekly maternal home ranges and calculated habitat metrics within these home ranges. We used the Kaplan-Meier estimator to calculate 8-week survival estimates and Cox proportional hazards models to investigate the influence of habitat metrics on neonate survival. The 8-week survival estimates were 0.43 (95% CI = 0.35-0.54) and 0.47 (95% CI = 0.38-0.57) in the GP and OZ, respectively. Both of these survival estimates were lower than expected but particularly so in the GP because it is dominated by agricultural fields, a land cover type typically associated with high survival. Neonate survival in the GP was negatively correlated with the amount of edge and forest patch size within maternal home ranges. In the OZ, female neonate survival was positively correlated with birth mass, male neonate survival was not affected by birth mass, and survival of both sexes was negatively correlated with grassland patch density. We suspect these habitat metrics were related to predator searching efficiency and abundance. In the highly fragmented GP, predators might be able to easily search the largest cover habitat patches, whereas in the more contiguous OZ landscape, where cover habitat patch sizes were > 10 times the size of patches in the GP, large patches might be difficult for predators to search efficiently. Therefore, we recommend managers consider the larger landscape context when making habitat management decisions to increase white-tailed deer population productivity. (c) 2019 The Wildlife Society.
引用
收藏
页码:1401 / 1414
页数:14
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