[1] Univ Essex, Essex Business Sch, Finance Subject Grp, Colchester CO4 3SQ, Essex, England
[2] Univ Glasgow, Adam Smith Business Sch, Econ Subject Area, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland
[3] Cent Bank Ireland, Monetary Policy Div, North Wall Quay, Dublin D01 F7X3, Ireland