Simulation of radiation energy release in air showers

被引:59
作者
Glaser, Christian [1 ]
Erdmann, Martin [1 ]
Horandel, Jorg R. [2 ,3 ]
Huege, Tim [4 ]
Schulz, Johannes [2 ]
机构
[1] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst A 3, Aachen, Germany
[2] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, IMAPP, Nijmegen, Netherlands
[3] Nikhef, Sci Pk, Amsterdam, Netherlands
[4] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Inst Kernphys, Karlsruhe, Germany
关键词
cosmic ray theory; ultra high energy cosmic rays; cosmic ray experiments; MONTE-CARLO SIMULATIONS; RADIO-EMISSION; ATMOSPHERIC SHOWERS; PULSES;
D O I
10.1088/1475-7516/2016/09/024
中图分类号
P1 [天文学];
学科分类号
0704 ;
摘要
A simulation study of the energy released by extensive air showers in the form of MHz radiation is performed using the CoREAS simulation code. We develop an efficient method to extract this radiation energy from air-shower simulations. We determine the longitudinal profile of the radiation energy release and compare it to the longitudinal pro file of the energy deposit by the electromagnetic component of the air shower. We find that the radiation energy corrected for the geometric dependence of the geomagnetic emission scales quadratically with the energy in the electromagnetic component of the air shower with a second-order dependence on the atmospheric density at the position of the maximum shower development X-max. In a measurement where X-max is not accessible, this second order dependence can be approximated using the zenith angle of the incoming direction of the air shower with only a minor loss in accuracy. Our method results in an intrinsic uncertainty of 4% in the determination of the energy in the electromagnetic air-shower component, which is well below current experimental uncertainties.
引用
收藏
页数:32
相关论文
共 47 条
[1]   The Pierre Auger Cosmic Ray Observatory [J].
Aab, A. ;
Abreu, P. ;
Aglietta, M. ;
Ahn, E. J. ;
Al Samarai, I. ;
Albert, J. N. ;
Albuquerque, I. F. M. ;
Allekotte, I. ;
Allen, J. ;
Allison, P. ;
Almela, A. ;
Alvarez Castillo, J. ;
Alvarez-Muniz, J. ;
Batista, R. Alves ;
Ambrosio, M. ;
Aminaei, A. ;
Anchordoqui, L. ;
Andringa, S. ;
Aramo, C. ;
Aranda, V. M. ;
Argiro, S. ;
Arisaka, K. ;
Arneodo, F. ;
Arqueros, F. ;
Asch, T. ;
Asorey, H. ;
Assis, P. ;
Aublin, J. ;
Ave, M. ;
Avenier, M. ;
Avila, G. ;
Awal, N. ;
Badescu, A. M. ;
Balzer, M. ;
Barber, K. B. ;
Barbosa, A. ;
Barenthien, N. ;
Barkhausen, M. ;
Baeuml, J. ;
Baus, C. ;
Beatty, J. ;
Becker, K. H. ;
Bellido, J. A. ;
BenZvi, S. ;
Berat, C. ;
Bergmann, T. ;
Bertaina, M. E. ;
Biermann, P. L. ;
Bilhaut, R. ;
Billoir, P. .
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT, 2015, 798 :172-213
[2]   Measurement of the Radiation Energy in the Radio Signal of Extensive Air Showers as a Universal Estimator of Cosmic-Ray Energy [J].
Aab, A. ;
Abreu, P. ;
Aglietta, M. ;
Ahn, E. J. ;
Al Samarai, I. ;
Albuquerque, I. F. M. ;
Allekotte, I. ;
Allison, P. ;
Almela, A. ;
Alvarez Castillo, J. ;
Alvarez-Muniz, J. ;
Batista, R. Alves ;
Ambrosio, M. ;
Aminaei, A. ;
Anastasi, G. A. ;
Anchordoqui, L. ;
Andringa, S. ;
Aramo, C. ;
Arqueros, F. ;
Arsene, N. ;
Asorey, H. ;
Assis, P. ;
Aublin, J. ;
Avila, G. ;
Awal, N. ;
Badescu, A. M. ;
Baus, C. ;
Beatty, J. J. ;
Becker, K. H. ;
Bellido, J. A. ;
Berat, C. ;
Bertaina, M. E. ;
Bertou, X. ;
Biermann, P. L. ;
Billoir, P. ;
Blaess, S. G. ;
Blanco, A. ;
Blanco, M. ;
Blazek, J. ;
Bleve, C. ;
Bluemer, H. ;
Bohacova, M. ;
Boncioli, D. ;
Bonifazi, C. ;
Borodai, N. ;
Brack, J. ;
Brancus, I. ;
Bretz, T. ;
Bridgeman, A. ;
Brogueira, P. .
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS, 2016, 116 (24)
[3]   Energy estimation of cosmic rays with the Engineering Radio Array of the Pierre Auger Observatory [J].
Aab, A. ;
Abreu, P. ;
Aglietta, M. ;
Ahn, E. J. ;
Al Samarai, I. ;
Albuquerque, I. F. M. ;
Allekotte, I. ;
Allison, P. ;
Almela, A. ;
Alvarez Castillo, J. ;
Alvarez-Muniz, J. ;
Batista, R. Alves ;
Ambrosio, M. ;
Aminaei, A. ;
Anastasi, G. A. ;
Anchordoqui, L. ;
Andringa, S. ;
Aramo, C. ;
Arqueros, F. ;
Arsene, N. ;
Asorey, H. ;
Assis, P. ;
Aublin, J. ;
Avila, G. ;
Awal, N. ;
Badescu, A. M. ;
Baus, C. ;
Beatty, J. J. ;
Becker, K. H. ;
Bellido, J. A. ;
Berat, C. ;
Bertaina, M. E. ;
Bertou, X. ;
Biermann, P. L. ;
Billoir, P. ;
Blaess, S. G. ;
Blanco, A. ;
Blanco, M. ;
Blazek, J. ;
Bleve, C. ;
Bluemer, H. ;
Bohacova, M. ;
Boncioli, D. ;
Bonifazi, C. ;
Borodai, N. ;
Brack, J. ;
Brancus, I. ;
Bretz, T. ;
Bridgeman, A. ;
Brogueira, P. .
PHYSICAL REVIEW D, 2016, 93 (12)
[4]   Probing the radio emission from air showers with polarization measurements [J].
Aab, A. ;
Abreu, P. ;
Aglietta, M. ;
Ahlers, M. ;
Ahn, E. J. ;
Albuquerque, I. F. M. ;
Allekotte, I. ;
Allen, J. ;
Allison, P. ;
Almela, A. ;
Castillo, J. Alvarez ;
Alvarez-Muniz, J. ;
Batista, R. Alves ;
Ambrosio, M. ;
Aminaei, A. ;
Anchordoqui, L. ;
Andringa, S. ;
Anticic, T. ;
Aramo, C. ;
Arqueros, F. ;
Asorey, H. ;
Assis, P. ;
Aublin, J. ;
Ave, M. ;
Avenier, M. ;
Avila, G. ;
Badescu, A. M. ;
Barber, K. B. ;
Bardenet, R. ;
Baeuml, J. ;
Baus, C. ;
Beatty, J. J. ;
Becker, K. H. ;
Bellido, J. A. ;
BenZvi, S. ;
Berat, C. ;
Bertou, X. ;
Biermann, P. L. ;
Billoir, P. ;
Blanco, F. ;
Blanco, M. ;
Bleve, C. ;
Bluemer, H. ;
Bohacova, M. ;
Boncioli, D. ;
Bonifazi, C. ;
Bonino, R. ;
Borodai, N. ;
Brack, J. ;
Brancus, I. .
PHYSICAL REVIEW D, 2014, 89 (05)
[5]   Results of a self-triggered prototype system for radio-detection of extensive air showers at the Pierre Auger Observatory [J].
Acounis, S. ;
Charrier, D. ;
Garcon, T. ;
Riviere, C. ;
Stassi, P. .
JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION, 2012, 7
[6]  
Allan H. R., 1971, Progress in elementary and cosmic rays physics volume 10, P171
[7]   Radio pulses from ultra-high energy atmospheric showers as the superposition of Askaryan and geomagnetic mechanisms [J].
Alvarez-Muniz, Jaime ;
Carvalho, Washington R., Jr. ;
Schoorlemmer, Harm ;
Zas, Enrique .
ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS, 2014, 59 :29-38
[8]   Monte Carlo simulations of radio pulses in atmospheric showers using ZHAireS [J].
Alvarez-Muniz, Jaime ;
Carvalho, Washington R., Jr. ;
Zas, Enrique .
ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS, 2012, 35 (06) :325-341
[9]   The wavefront of the radio signal emitted by cosmic ray air showers [J].
Apel, W. D. ;
Arteaga-Velazquez, J. C. ;
Bahren, L. ;
Bekk, K. ;
Bertaina, M. ;
Biermann, P. L. ;
Bluemer, J. ;
Bozdog, H. ;
Brancus, I. M. ;
Cantoni, E. ;
Chiavassa, A. ;
Daumiller, K. ;
de Souza, V. ;
Di Pierro, F. ;
Doll, P. ;
Engel, R. ;
Falcke, H. ;
Fuchs, B. ;
Gemmeke, H. ;
Grupen, C. ;
Haungs, A. ;
Heck, D. ;
Horandel, J. R. ;
Horneffer, A. ;
Huber, D. ;
Huege, T. ;
Isar, P. G. ;
Kampert, K. -H. ;
Kang, D. ;
Kroemer, O. ;
Kuijpers, J. ;
Link, K. ;
Luczak, P. ;
Ludwig, M. ;
Mathes, H. J. ;
Melissas, M. ;
Morello, C. ;
Oehlschlaeger, J. ;
Palmieri, N. ;
Pierog, T. ;
Rautenberg, J. ;
Rebel, H. ;
Roth, M. ;
Ruehle, C. ;
Saftoiu, A. ;
Schieler, H. ;
Schmidt, A. ;
Schoo, S. ;
Schroeder, F. G. ;
Sima, O. .
JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS, 2014, (09)
[10]   Radioelectric field features of extensive air showers observed with CODALEMA [J].
Ardouin, D. ;
Belletoile, A. ;
Charrier, D. ;
Dallier, R. ;
Denis, L. ;
Eschstruth, P. ;
Gousset, T. ;
Haddad, F. ;
Lamblin, J. ;
Lautridou, P. ;
Lecacheux, A. ;
Monnier-Ragaigne, D. ;
Ravel, O. ;
Saugrin, T. ;
Valcares, S. .
ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS, 2006, 26 (4-5) :341-350