Anterior hippocampal volume is reduced in behaviorally depressed female cynomolgus macaques

被引:35
作者
Willard, Stephanie L. [2 ]
Friedman, David P. [3 ]
Henkel, Craig K. [4 ]
Shively, Carol A. [1 ]
机构
[1] Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Comparat Med Sect, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA
[2] Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Interdisciplinary Grad Program Neurosci, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA
[3] Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Dept Physiol & Pharmacol, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA
[4] Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Dept Neurobiol & Anat, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA
关键词
Behavioral depression; Female; Hippocampal volume; Monkey; Nonhuman primate; CORONARY-ARTERY ATHEROSCLEROSIS; CHRONIC PSYCHOSOCIAL STRESS; MAJOR DEPRESSION; MOOD DISORDERS; SOCIAL STRESS; MONKEYS; GLUCOCORTICOIDS; PLASTICITY; DISEASE; ANXIETY;
D O I
10.1016/j.psyneuen.2009.04.022
中图分类号
R5 [内科学];
学科分类号
1002 ; 100201 ;
摘要
Hippocampal (HC) function and morphology have been implicated in the pathophysiology of depression. Reduced HC volume has been observed in depressed humans, although the effect is not always significant. Studies of functional differentiation of the HC have revealed that the anterior portion is associated with emotional and anxiety-related functioning, and the posterior portion with memory processing. As such, measuring whole HC volume may mask differences seen only in the anterior or posterior HC. We used unbiased stereology to measure whole, anterior, and posterior HC volumes in 12 adult female cynomolgus macaques, half of which exhibited spontaneously occurring depressive behavior defined as a stumped/collapsed body posture with open eyes, and a relative lack of responsivity to environmental stimuli. The two groups were otherwise matched on circulating estradiol, progesterone, and cortisol levels, social status, estimated age, and body weight. Frozen postmortem HC tissue from depressed and nondepressed monkeys was serially sectioned and thionin-stained. According to established neuroanatomical guidelines and with the aid of Neurolucida software (MBF Bioscience), every 10th section throughout the extent of the HC was manually traced and used to reconstruct the 3D models used to determine volumes. Anterior and posterior HC were delineated by the presence or absence of the uncus. No significant differences were found between depressed and nondepressed monkeys for whole or posterior HC volume, although the average HC volume was 4% smaller in depressed than nondepressed monkeys. Anterior HC volumes were significantly smaller (15.4%) in depressed compared to nondepressed monkeys. These results indicate that reduced volume in the anterior HC, an area previously implicated in emotional functioning, may be associated with a depressive phenotype in female cynomolgus macaques. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:1469 / 1475
页数:7
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