Effects of bromide ion on the formation and toxicity alteration of halonitromethanes from nitrate containing humic acid water during UV/chlor(am)ine disinfection

被引：35

作者：

Huang, Tingting ^{[1
]}

Deng, Lin ^{[1
]}

Wang, Tao ^{[1
]}

Liao, Xueying ^{[1
]}

Hu, Jun ^{[1
]}

Tan, Chaoqun ^{[1
]}

Singh, Rajendra Prasad ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Southeast Univ, Dept Municipal Engn, Nanjing 211189, Peoples R China

来源：

WATER RESEARCH | 2022年 / 225卷

基金：

中国国家自然科学基金;

关键词：

Halonitromethanes; Bromide; UV/chlor(am)ine; Nitrate; NATURAL ORGANIC-MATTER; BY-PRODUCTS; BROMATE FORMATION; UV-IRRADIATION; CHLORINE; DEGRADATION; TRICHLORONITROMETHANE; HALOACETONITRILES; CYTOTOXICITY; CONVERSION;

D O I：

10.1016/j.watres.2022.119175

中图分类号：

X [环境科学、安全科学];

学科分类号：

08 ; 0830 ;

摘要：

UV/chlor(am)ine are efficient for achieving multiple-barrier disinfection and maintaining residuals, while bromide (Br-) has notable impacts on the formation and toxicity of halonitromethanes (HNMs) during UV/chlor(am)ine disinfection. This study investigated the effects of Br- on HNMs formation and toxicity alteration during UV/chlor(am)ine disinfection of nitrate containing humic acid (HA) water. Results reveal that the maximum concentration of HNMs during UV/chlorine disinfection was 12.03 mu g L-1 with 0.2 mg L-1 Br-, which was 22.5% higher than that without Br-, and the predominant species of HNMs were converted from trichloronitromethane (TCNM) to dibromonitromethane (DBNM) and tribromonitromethane (TBNM). However, the maximum concentration of HNMs during UV/chloramine disinfection was 3.69 mu g L-1 with 0.2 mg L-1 Br-, which was increased by 26.0% than that without Br-, and the predominant species of HNMs were converted from dichloronitromethane (DCNM) to bromochloronitromethane (BCNM) and DBNM. Notably, the HNMs species and yields during UV/chloramine disinfection were less than those during UV/chlorine disinfection, primarily due to the higher concentrations of HO center dot and reactive chlorine/bromine species in UV/chlorine. Also, in the ranges of the Br-:Cl-2 molar ratio from 0 to 0.32 and pH from 6.0 to 8.0, the Br-:Cl-2 molar ratio of 0.16 and acidic pH contributed to the HNMs formation during UV/chlorine disinfection, and a high Br-:Cl-2 molar ratio and neutral pH contributed to the HNMs formation during UV/chloramine disinfection. Note that the incorporation of Br- significantly improved the calculated cytotoxicity (CTI) and genotoxicity (GTI) of HNMs formed, and the calculated CTI and GTI of HNMs formed during UV/chloramine disinfection were 28.19 and 48.90% of those during UV/chlorine disinfection. Based on the diversity of nitrogen sources, the possible formation pathways of HNMs from nitrate containing HA water were proposed during UV/chlor(am)ine disinfection in the presence of Br-. Results of this study indicated that UV/chloramine can reduce the formation and toxicity of HNMs efficiently.

引用

页数：14

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