Quantitative T2 mapping accelerated by GRAPPATINI for evaluation of muscles in patients with myositis

Objective: Dermatomyositis (DM) and polymyositis (PM) make up the largest group of potentially treatable myopathies and require early diagnosis. This study investigates whether the edema of thigh muscles in DM/PM can be quantitatively assessed by a novel accelerated T2 mapping technique-GRAPPATINI. Methods: Three conventional MR sequences and GRAPPATINI accelerated T2 mapping of bilateral thighs from 20 patients (7DM and 13 PM) and 10 healthy volunteers were prospectively carried out on a 3 T MR scanner. Afterwards, T2 values of 477 thigh muscles from the patients and the healthy controls were manually measured. In addition, the correlations between T2 values and serum muscle enzymes in patients were also analyzed. Results: The new GRAPPATINI technique made quantitative T2 mapping of bilateral thighs feasible with a scanning time of only 2min 18s. Moreover, GRAPPATINI-generated T2 values of muscles from patients were markedly higher than those from healthy subjects (p < 0.001). GRAPPATINI accelerated T2 mapping appeared a more sensitive technique in that some DM/PM muscles appearing normal per conventional MRI had increased T2 relaxation time. Furthermore, GRAPPATINI-generated T2 values of DM/PM thigh muscles positively correlated with serum enzyme levels (p < 0.001), which reflected the severity of myopathy. Conclusion: GRAPPATINI can significantly shorten acquisition time of T2 mapping and may potentially be applied clinically in DM and PM. Advances in knowledge: GRAPPATINI acceleration makes T2 mapping feasible in clinical practice in providing quantitative information regarding thigh muscle inflammation in DM and PM.