Characterization of Microstructures Fabricated by Two-Photon Polymerization Using Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering Microscopy

被引:50
作者
Baldacchini, Tommaso [1 ]
Zimmerley, Maxwell [2 ]
Kuo, Chun-Hung [1 ]
Potma, Eric O. [2 ]
Zadoyan, Ruben [1 ]
机构
[1] Newport Corp, Technol & Applicat Ctr, Irvine, CA 92606 USA
[2] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Chem, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
关键词
CRYSTALS; PHOTOPOLYMERIZATION; RESOLUTION;
D O I
10.1021/jp9058998
中图分类号
O64 [物理化学(理论化学)、化学物理学];
学科分类号
070304 ; 081704 ;
摘要
We demonstrate the possibility to image microstructures fabricated by two-photon polymerization (TPP) using coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy. The imaging contrast based on chemical selectivity attained by CARS microscopy is used to gather qualitative information on TPP. Upon the basis of detailed knowledge of the characteristic signatures of the photoresist Raman spectrum, quantitative relationships between laser writing conditions and polymer cross-linking are demonstrated. The increase in degree of polymer conversion as a function of laser average power follows a sigmoidal profile which is interpreted in terms of a simple model based on the polymerization mechanism of the photoresist.
引用
收藏
页码:12663 / 12668
页数:6
相关论文
共 42 条
[1]   Acrylic-based resin with favorable properties for three-dimensional two-photon polymerization [J].
Baldacchini, T ;
LaFratta, CN ;
Farrer, RA ;
Teich, MC ;
Saleh, BEA ;
Naughton, MJ ;
Fourkas, JT .
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS, 2004, 95 (11) :6072-6076
[2]  
BALDACCHINI T, 2009, P SPIE, V7201
[3]  
Baldacchini T, 2009, LASER FOCUS WORLD, V45, P45
[4]   Fabrication and characterization of three-dimensional silver-coated polymeric microstructures [J].
Chen, Yun-Sheng ;
Tal, Amir ;
Torrance, David B. ;
Kuebler, Stephen M. .
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS, 2006, 16 (13) :1739-1744
[5]   Two-photon polymerization initiators for three-dimensional optical data storage and microfabrication [J].
Cumpston, BH ;
Ananthavel, SP ;
Barlow, S ;
Dyer, DL ;
Ehrlich, JE ;
Erskine, LL ;
Heikal, AA ;
Kuebler, SM ;
Lee, IYS ;
McCord-Maughon, D ;
Qin, JQ ;
Röckel, H ;
Rumi, M ;
Wu, XL ;
Marder, SR ;
Perry, JW .
NATURE, 1999, 398 (6722) :51-54
[6]   High-speed curing by laser irradiation [J].
Decker, C .
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS, 1999, 151 (1-4) :22-28
[7]   Direct laser writing and characterization of "Slanted Pore" Photonic Crystals [J].
Deubel, M ;
Wegener, M ;
Kaso, A ;
John, S .
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS, 2004, 85 (11) :1895-1897
[8]   Raman investigation of photopolymerization reactions of single optically levitated microparticles [J].
Esen, C ;
Kaiser, T ;
Schweiger, G .
APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY, 1996, 50 (07) :823-828
[9]   Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering Microscopy: Chemical Imaging for Biology and Medicine [J].
Evans, Conor. L. ;
Xie, X. Sunney .
ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, 2008, 1 (01) :883-909
[10]   Selective functionalization of 3-D polymer microstructures [J].
Farrer, RA ;
LaFratta, CN ;
Li, LJ ;
Praino, J ;
Naughton, MJ ;
Saleh, BEA ;
Teich, MC ;
Fourkas, JT .
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, 2006, 128 (06) :1796-1797