Current and Promising Pharmacotherapies, and Novel Research Target Areas in the Treatment of Alcohol Dependence: A Review

被引:0
作者
Edwards, Steven M.
Kenna, George A.
Swift, Robert M. [2 ]
Leggio, Lorenzo [1 ,3 ]
机构
[1] Brown Univ, Sch Med, Ctr Alcohol & Addict Studies, Providence, RI 02912 USA
[2] Vet Adm Med Ctr, Providence, RI 02908 USA
[3] Univ Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Inst Internal Med, Rome, Italy
关键词
Alcohol Dependence; Alcohol Pharmacotherapy; Alcohol Typology; Pharmacogenetics; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; STIMULATES LOCOMOTOR-ACTIVITY; DRD4 VNTR POLYMORPHISM; DOUBLE-BLIND; RELAPSE PREVENTION; NALTREXONE RESPONSE; NUCLEUS-ACCUMBENS; RECEPTOR GENE; PHARMACOLOGICAL-TREATMENT;
D O I
暂无
中图分类号
R9 [药学];
学科分类号
1007 ;
摘要
Harmful alcohol use is a risk factor in more than 60 diseases and injuries resulting in approximately 2.5 million deaths per year worldwide. In the United States (US) and Europe, there are only a few medications approved for alcohol dependence (AD) however, these medications have only been moderately effective and there is a crucial need for more effective treatments. This review briefly summarizes research on currently approved medications for AD, as well as promising medications like topiramate, baclofen and ondansetron. Topiramate is likely the most promising new treatment for AD, however, further research is needed to determine the optimal dose and appropriate length of treatment. Baclofen, a GABA(B) agonist, is a promising medication as a treatment for AD, especially for patients with AD and severe liver disease. Ondansetron has shown promising results as a potential medication for AD, but only within a certain subtype of individuals. This review also discusses more recent findings on other potential pharmacotherapies for AD, such as serotonin-specific reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs; i.e. sertraline), aripiprazole and prazosin, as well as on some examples of other potentially interesting new neuropharmacological targets (i.e. cannabinoid receptors, CRF, NPY, ghrelin). Finally, the present review also discusses the attempts to personalize medication for AD treatment by alcohol typology and pharmacogenetics.
引用
收藏
页码:1323 / 1332
页数:10
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