Nitrogen-Doped and Carbon-Coated Activated Carbon as a Conductivity Additive-Free Electrode for Supercapacitors

被引:4
作者
Jang, Su-Jin [1 ,2 ]
Lee, Jeong Han [1 ,2 ]
Kang, Seo Hui [1 ,2 ]
Kang, Yun Chan [2 ]
Roh, Kwang Chul [1 ]
机构
[1] Korea Inst Ceram Engn & Technol, Div Energy & Environm, Jinju 52851, South Korea
[2] Korea Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Seoul 136713, South Korea
关键词
activated carbon; supercapacitors; conductive additive-free; nitrogen-doped; carbon coating; COMPOSITE ELECTRODES; ISOTROPIC PITCH; GRAPHITE; GRAPHENE; DESIGN; FIBERS;
D O I
10.3390/en14227629
中图分类号
TE [石油、天然气工业]; TK [能源与动力工程];
学科分类号
0807 ; 0820 ;
摘要
The development of supercapacitors with high volumetric capacitance and high-rate performance has been an important research topic. Activated carbon (AC), which is a widely used material for supercapacitor electrodes, has different surface structures, porosities, and electrochemical properties. However, the low conductivity of the electrode material is a major problem for the efficient use of AC in supercapacitors. To tackle this challenge, we prepared conductive, additive-free electrodes for supercapacitors by a simple one-pot treatment of AC with melamine (nitrogen source), pitch, and sucrose (both carbon source). Nitrogen-doped and carbon-coated AC was successfully generated after high-temperature heat treatment. The AC was doped with approximately 0.5 at.% nitrogen, and coated with carbon leading to a decreased oxygen content. Thin carbon layers (~10 nm) were coated onto the outer surface of the AC, as shown in TEM images. The modification of the AC surface with a sucrose source is favorable, as it increases the electrical conductivity of AC up to 3.0 S cm(-1), which is 4.3 times higher than in unmodified AC. The electrochemical performance of the modified AC was evaluated by conducting agent-free electrode. Although the obtained samples had slightly reduced surface areas after the surface modification, they maintained a high specific surface area of 1700 m(2) g(-1). The supercapacitor delivered a specific capacitance of 70.4 F cc(-1) at 1 mA cm(-1) and achieved 89.8% capacitance retention even at a high current density of 50 mA cm(-2). Furthermore, the supercapacitor delivered a high energy density of 24.5 Wh kg(-1) at a power density of 4650 W kg(-1). This approach can be extended for a new strategy for conductivity additive-free electrodes in, e.g., supercapacitors, batteries, and fuel cells.
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页数:10
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