The Research on Second Language Acquisition Model Based on the Dynamic Systems Theory

Many factors in the second language acquisition (SLA) and the interconnectedness among these factors formed a complex dynamic system, which determines the speed and level of SLA. Based on the dynamic systems theory and the existed model of SLA, the researcher is making a great effort to build a new dynamic model of SLA under the current Chinese learning environment. This model consists of three parts: the environmental factor, the learners' factor, and the language factor. The environmental factor refers to the social environment, learning environment and linguistic environment. The learner's factor is involved in the individual cognition difference, affection difference and the difference of learning strategies. The language factor emphasizes the structural features of language. As we all know that Chinese learners acquire the second language after the mother tongue, so language transfer is inevitable. We should consider how to avoid the effects of language negative transfer. This essay attempts to analyze the interactions among the three factors and their effects on SLA as well as their enlightening on foreign language teaching.