Concurrent intravenous drug administration to critically ill children: Evaluation of frequency and compatibility

Purpose: To evaluate the frequency of concurrent drug administration and drug-drug incompatibility of concurrently administered drugs in critically ill children based on available references. Materials and methods: We retrospectively evaluated concurrent intravenous drug administration in children admitted to a single centre. Eligible patients included those admitted to the critical care unit for at least 6-hours in the ten-year period ending 30 July 2015 and received two or more IV drug administrations. Compatibilities were classified using local reference documents. Results: The 16,863 eligible patients were admitted to ICU for 2,212,326 h and received 3,664,667 concurrent administrations. Concurrent infusions ran for 6,263,600 h. There were 2,284,066 (62%) concurrent administrations; 334,144 (9%) were compatible, 293,856 (8%) were incompatible, 293,856 (8%) required pharmacist consultation, and 752,601 (21%) had 'unknown' compatibility. Individual patients received a median (IQR) of 33 (10-132) concurrent administrations, comprised of 7 (1-30) concurrent injections 1 (0-5) concurrent infusions and 13 (0-74) concurrently administered injections and infusions. Conclusions: Concurrent IV-drug administration is frequent in critically ill children. Known incompatible concurrent administration occurs, however the compatibilities of many drug-drug pairs were unknown-adding complexity to routine bedside management and identifying information gaps for future research. (C) 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.