Analysis of the impact of circular economy over linear economy in the paper processing industry

In the present scenario, the linear economy principles are widely used in all fields. As per the linear econ-omy concern once the product is utilized and treated as a waste. In the future, the raw material require-ment plays a vital role in many fields because of the lack of availability of resources. To meet the future demand, we need to focus on new techniques, methodologies, and principles for the effective utilization of resources. Given literature, the linear economy principles are replaced by the circular economy in many sectors. As per the circular economy concern, the waste product is again utilized as an input for making secondary products. In this paper, an attempt is made on the effective utilization of paper waste for making secondary products using circular economy techniques. The 9R model is used for the subjec-tive study of various stages of paper-making processes. In addition to that, the fuzzy DEMATAL method is used for pairwise comparison of the linear economy, circular economy, and paper waste. Further analysis is carried out on how the solid waste and waste heat are treated as an input for making secondary prod-ucts such as agricultural products, fuel, etc. Copyright (c) 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Selection and peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the International Confer-ence on Thermal Analysis and Energy Systems 2021.