Primary vaginal leiomyosarcoma in pregnancy

Background. Primary vaginal sarcoma constitutes about 2% of all malignant vaginal lesions, with leiomyosarcoma being the most common in adult women. To our knowledge, this is the first case of vaginal leiomyosarcoma occurring during pregnancy. Case. A 21-year-old woman, at 39 weeks of gestation, presented with a pedunculated vaginal mass. Local excision of the mass was performed immediately. Histopathologic evaluation revealed a grade 2 leiomyosarcoma. The patient delivered a healthy infant 2 weeks after resection. She has had no evidence of recurrence in 28 months of follow-up. Conclusions. Previous cases of vaginal leiomyosarcoma and sarcomas of the female genital tract occurring during pregnancy are reviewed. The histopathologic criteria for vaginal smooth muscle tumors are well established. Primary management of vaginal leiomyosarcoma is surgical. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.