Mixed convection flow and heat transfer mechanism for non-Newtonian Carreau nanofluids under the effect of infinite shear rate viscosity

The mechanisms of nanofluids for improve heat transfer features has received great consideration due to their wide applications in industry and chemical engineering. In the light of these facts, numerous theoretical and numerical works have been presented to study their applicability in predicting heat transfer with nanofluids. Therefore, the aim of present article is to perform a numerical study for non-Newtonian Carreau fluid flow induced by an inclined surface with suspended nanoparticles. In modelling the flow equations for Carreau fluid, it is assumed that the infinite shear rate viscosity does not vanish. This article quantifies and qualifies the thermal phenomenon caused by the convective heat transfer in the presence of nonlinear thermal radiation and heat generation/absorption. Basic flow equations are obtained by means of Boussinesq approximations representing the conservations of mass, momentum, energy and nanoparticles concentration. The formulated equations are altered to partially coupled nonlinear first order system by employing the non-dimensional transformations. Finally, numerical simulation is performed via Runge-Kutta Fehlberg scheme coupled with shooting technique. The investigation has been conducted for pertinent physical parameters, such as, viscosity ratio parameter, Weissenberg number, shrinking parameter, suction parameter, Grashof number, inclination angle, Brownian and thermophoresis parameters, Biot number, Prandtl number and Lewis number. The analysis reveals that dual solutions exists for a specific range of leading parameters. It is concluded that an enhancement in Grashof number leads to reduce the skin friction for lower solutions.