Ontogenetic Changes in the Bell Morphology and Kinematics and Swimming Behavior of Rowing Medusae: the Special Case of the Limnomedusa Liriope tetraphylla

被引:17
作者
Blough, Tasia [1 ]
Colin, Sean P. [1 ]
Costello, John H. [2 ]
Marques, Antonio C. [3 ]
机构
[1] Roger Williams Univ, Bristol, RI 02809 USA
[2] Providence Coll, Dept Biol, Providence, RI 02918 USA
[3] Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Zool, Inst Biosci, Sao Paulo, Brazil
基金
美国国家科学基金会;
关键词
COOCCURRING HYDROMEDUSAE; FLUID INTERACTIONS; FLOW PATTERNS; JELLYFISH; PERFORMANCE; LOCOMOTION; PROPULSION; CNIDARIA; HYDROZOA; WAKE;
D O I
10.1086/BBLv220n1p6
中图分类号
Q [生物科学];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Swimming animals may experience significant changes in the Reynolds number (Re) of their surrounding fluid flows throughout ontogeny. Many medusae experience Re environments with significant viscous forces as small juveniles but inertially dominated Re environments as adults. These different environments may affect their propulsive strategies. In particular, rowing, a propulsive strategy with ecological advantages for large adults, may be constrained by viscosity for small juvenile medusae. We examined changes in the bell morphology and swimming kinematics of the limnomedusa Liriope tetraphylla at different stages of development. L. tetraphylla maintained an oblate bell (fineness ratio approximate to 0.5-0.6), large velar aperture ratio (R-v approximate to 0.5-0.8), and rapid bell kinematics throughout development. These traits enabled it to use rowing propulsion at all stages except the very smallest sizes observed (diameter = 0.14 cm). During the juvenile stage, very rapid bell kinematics served to increase Re sufficiently for rowing propulsion. Other taxa that use rowing propulsion as adults, such as leptomedusae and scyphomedusae, typically utilize different propulsive strategies as small juveniles to function in low Re environments. We compared the performance values of the different propulsive modes observed among juvenile medusae.
引用
收藏
页码:6 / 14
页数:9
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