Conformal topology optimization of multi-material ferromagnetic soft active structures using an extended level set method

被引：46

作者：

Tian, Jiawei ^{[1
]}

Li, Manqi ^{[2
]}

Han, Zhonghao ^{[2
]}

Chen, Yong ^{[2
]}

Gu, Xianfeng David ^{[3
,4
]}

Ge, Q. J. ^{[1
]}

Chen, Shikui ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Mech Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA

[2] Univ Southern Calif, Dept Aerosp & Mech Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA

[3] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Comp Sci, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA

[4] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Appl Math & Stat, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA

来源：

COMPUTER METHODS IN APPLIED MECHANICS AND ENGINEERING | 2022年 / 389卷

基金：

美国国家科学基金会;

关键词：

Multimaterial conformal topology optimization; Soft active structures; Extended level set method; Conformal geometry theory; Design-dependent topology optimization; Functional 3D printing; MAGNETIC ACTUATOR DESIGN;

D O I：

10.1016/j.cma.2021.114394

中图分类号：

T [工业技术];

学科分类号：

08 ;

摘要：

Ferromagnetic soft active structures using embedded ferromagnetic particles in the soft polymer matrix can generate flexible locomotion and change configurations remotely, rapidly, and biologically friendly with an applied magnetic field. To achieve the desired motion, these soft active structures can be designed by tailoring the layouts of the ferromagnetic soft polymer. Although many magnetic soft active structures have been designed and fabricated, they are limited by the developer's intuition and experience. Structural topology optimization has become a promising method to achieve innovative structures by optimizing the material layout, opening a new path for architecting ferromagnetic-driven active structures. Given the widespread adoption of thin-shell structures for soft robots, the extended level set method (X-LSM) and conformal geometry theory are employed to perform topology optimization of the ferromagnetic soft active structures on manifolds. The boundary evolution on a freeform 3D surface can be transferred into a 2D rectangular plane by solving a modified Hamilton-Jacobi equation weighted by conformal factors. The reconciled level set (RLS) method is firstly implemented within the X-LSM framework in this paper to enable the design of multi-material ferromagnetic soft active structures on free-from surfaces. The design objective consists of a subobjective function for kinematic requirement and a subobjective function for minimum compliance. The shape sensitivity was analyzed using the material time derivative and the adjoint variable approach. The proposed method was applied to design several single and multi-material ferromagnetic soft active structures. Two topologically optimized designs have been printed using functional 3D printing technology, or the so-called 4D printing, to physically realize soft active structures with built-in functionalities. The results of the numerical verification and experimental validation demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed design and fabrication framework. (c) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

引用

页数：32