Re-establishing the regenerative potential of central nervous system axons in postnatal mice

被引:114
作者
Cho, KS
Yang, L
Lu, B
Ma, HF
Huang, XZ
Pekny, M
Chen, DF
机构
[1] Univ Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Acad, Inst Clin Neurosci, Arvid Carlsson Inst Neurosci, SE-41390 Gothenburg, Sweden
[2] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Schepens Eye Res Inst, Program Neurosci, Boston, MA 02114 USA
[3] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Ophthalmol, Boston, MA 02114 USA
关键词
astrocyte intermediate filament; GFAP; vimentin; Bcl-2; axon regeneration;
D O I
10.1242/jcs.01658
中图分类号
Q2 [细胞生物学];
学科分类号
071009 ; 090102 ;
摘要
At a certain point in development, axons in the mammalian central nervous system lose their ability to regenerate after injury. Using the optic nerve model, we show that this growth failure coincides with two developmental events: the loss of Bcl-2 expression by neurons and the maturation of astrocytes. Before postnatal day 4, when astrocytes are immature, overexpression of Bcl-2 alone supported robust and rapid optic nerve regeneration over long distances, leading to innervation of brain targets by day 4 in mice. As astrocytes matured after postnatal day 4, axonal regeneration was inhibited in mice overexpressing Bcl-2. Concurrent induction of Bcl-2 and attenuation of reactive gliosis reversed the failure of CNS axonal re-elongation in postnatal mice and led to rapid axonal regeneration over long distances and reinnervation of the brain targets by a majority of severed optic nerve fibers up to 2 weeks of age. These results suggest that an early postnatal downregulation of Bcl-2 and post-traumatic reactive gliosis are two important elements of axon regenerative failure in the CNS.
引用
收藏
页码:863 / 872
页数:10
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