Can Resting-State Functional MRI Serve as a Complement to Task-Based Mapping of Sensorimotor Function? A Test-Retest Reliability Study in Healthy Volunteers

Purpose: To investigate if resting-state functional MRI (fMRI) reliably can serve as a complement to task-based fMRI for presurgical mapping of the sensorimotor cortex. Materials and Methods: Functional data were obtained In 10 healthy volunteers using a 3 Tesla MRI system. Each subject performed five bilateral finger tapping experiments interleaved with five resting-state experiments. Following preprocessing, data from eight volunteers were further analyzed with the general linear model (finger tapping data) and independent component analysis (rest data). Test-retest reliability estimates (hit rate and false alarm rate) for resting-state fMRI activation of the sensorimotor network were compared with the reliability estimates for task-evoked activation of the sensorimotor cortex. The reliability estimates constituted a receiver operating characteristics curve from which the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated. Statistical testing was performed to compare the two groups with respect to reliability. Results: The AUC was generally higher for the task experiments, although median AUC was not significantly different on a group level. Also, the two groups showed comparable levels of within-group variance. Conclusion: Test-retest reliability was comparable between resting-state measurements and task-based fMRI, suggesting that presurgical mapping of functional networks can be a supplement to task-based fMRI in cases where patient status excludes task-based fMRI.