Cross-cultural adaptation of the Orebro Musculoskeletal Pain Questionnaire among Turkish workers with low back pain

BACKGROUND: Psychosocial risk factors are very important in the development of chronicity in low back pain. And Orebro Musculoskeletal Pain Questionnaire (OMPQ) is the screening instrument concerning these psychosocial and work-related risk factors in patients with low back pain. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the reliability and construct validity of Turkish version of the OMPQ in patients with low back pain. METHODS: Turkish OMPQ was developed using the "forward-backward translation" method. It was administered to 120 working Turkish patients with acute-subacute low back pain. Test-retest reliability was assessed by intraclass correlation coefficients and internal consistency was assessed by Cronbach's alpha. Concurrent construct validity was evaluated by correlating the OMPQ with Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), fear avoidance beliefs questionnaire (FABQ), clinical and demographical variables and assessed with principal component analysis. RESULTS: The Turkish versions was re-tested for 110 patients with acute-subacute low back pain. Test-retest reliability was high with intraclass correlation coefficients of 0.93. Internal consistency was 0.96. The OMPQ score correlated highly (r > or = 0.60) with VAS-pain, ODI and sick-leave days; moderately (0.30 < r < 0.60) with FABQ and weakly (r < 0.30) with duration of pain and Schober test. Principal-components analysis revealed 3 factors explaining 43% of the variance. OMPQ had moderate predictive validity (AUC: 0.66; 95% CI 0.54; 0.81) in identifying patients with spinal pain that were under risk of long-term sick leave (> 15 days). The sensitivity was 0,54 and the specificity was 0.97. CONCLUSION: Turkish version of OMPQ is a valid, reliable, and acceptible instrument among Turkish working population with low back pain.