SIMULTANEOUS MULTIWAVELENGTH OBSERVATIONS OF MARKARIAN 421 DURING OUTBURST

被引：52

作者：

Acciari, V. A. ^{[1
]}

Aliu, E. ^{[2
,3
]}

Aune, T. ^{[4
,5
]}

Beilicke, M. ^{[6
]}

Benbow, W. ^{[1
]}

Boettcher, M. ^{[7
]}

Bradbury, S. M. ^{[8
]}

Buckley, J. H. ^{[6
]}

Bugaev, V. ^{[6
]}

Butt, Y. ^{[9
]}

Cannon, A. ^{[10
]}

Celik, O. ^{[11
]}

Cesarini, A. ^{[12
]}

Chow, Y. C. ^{[11
]}

Ciupik, L. ^{[13
]}

Cogan, P. ^{[14
]}

Colin, P. ^{[15
]}

Cui, W. ^{[16
]}

Dickherber, R. ^{[6
]}

Duke, C. ^{[17
]}

Falcone, A. D. ^{[18
]}

Fegan, S. J. ^{[11
]}

Finley, J. P. ^{[6
,16
]}

Finnegan, G. ^{[15
]}

Fortin, P. ^{[19
]}

Fortson, L. ^{[13
]}

Furniss, A. ^{[4
,5
]}

Gall, D. ^{[16
]}

Gillanders, G. H. ^{[12
]}

Grube, J. ^{[10
]}

Guenette, R. ^{[14
]}

Gyuk, G. ^{[13
]}

Hanna, D. ^{[14
]}

Holder, J. ^{[2
,3
]}

Horan, D. ^{[20
]}

Hui, C. M. ^{[15
]}

Humensky, T. B. ^{[21
]}

Kaaret, P. ^{[22
]}

Karlsson, N. ^{[13
]}

Kertzman, M. ^{[23
]}

Kieda, D. ^{[15
]}

Kildea, J. ^{[1
]}

Konopelko, A. ^{[24
]}

Krawczynski, H. ^{[6
]}

Krennrich, F. ^{[25
]}

Lang, M. J. ^{[12
]}

LeBohec, S. ^{[15
]}

Maier, G. ^{[14
]}

McCann, A. ^{[14
]}

Millis, J. ^{[26
]}

机构：

[1] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Fred Lawrence Whipple Observ, Amado, AZ 85645 USA

[2] Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA

[3] Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA

[4] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA

[5] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA

[6] Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA

[7] Ohio Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Inst Astrophys, Athens, OH 45701 USA

[8] Univ Leeds, Sch Phys & Astron, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England

[9] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA

[10] Natl Univ Ireland Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Phys, Dublin 4, Ireland

[11] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA

[12] Natl Univ Ireland, Sch Phys, Galway, Ireland

[13] Adler Planetarium & Astron Museum, Dept Astron, Chicago, IL 60605 USA

[14] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada

[15] Univ Utah, Dept Phys, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA

[16] Purdue Univ, Dept Phys, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA

[17] Grinnell Coll, Dept Phys, Grinnell, IA 50112 USA

[18] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA

[19] Columbia Univ, Barnard Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, New York, NY 10027 USA

[20] Ecole Polytech, Lab Leprince Ringuet, CNRS, IN2P3, F-91128 Palaiseau, France

[21] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA

[22] Univ Iowa, Dept Phys & Astron, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA

[23] Depauw Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Greencastle, IN 46135 USA

[24] Pittsburg State Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburg, KS 66762 USA

[25] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA

[26] Anderson Univ, Dept Phys, Anderson, IN 46012 USA

[27] Galway Mayo Inst Technol, Dept Life & Phys Sci, Galway, Ireland

[28] Inst Astron & Fis Espacio, RA-1428 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina

[29] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA

[30] Cork Inst Technol, Dept Appl Phys & Instrumentat, Cork, Ireland

[31] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA

[32] ESA, European Space Astron Ctr, XMM Newton SOC, Madrid 28691, Spain

[33] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland

[34] Natl Inst Astrophys, INAF, I-00136 Rome, Italy

[35] Univ Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain

[36] Tech Univ Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany

[37] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain

[38] Univ Padua, I-35131 Padua, Italy

[39] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-35131 Padua, Italy

[40] Inst Astrofis Canarias, E-38200 Tenerife, Spain

[41] Univ Lodz, PL-90236 Lodz, Poland

[42] DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany

[43] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany

[44] Univ Siena, I-53100 Siena, Italy

[45] INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy

[46] Univ Barcelona, IEEC, ICC, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain

[47] Univ Wurzburg, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany

[48] INAF, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain

[49] Univ La Laguna, Dept Astrofis, E-38206 Tenerife, Spain

[50] Univ Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy

来源：

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL | 2009年 / 703卷 / 01期

基金：

美国国家科学基金会; 加拿大自然科学与工程研究理事会; 爱尔兰科学基金会;

关键词：

BL Lacertae objects: individual (Markarian 421); galaxies: active; gamma rays: observations; radiation mechanisms: non-thermal; X-rays: galaxies; RAY SPECTRAL VARIABILITY; XMM-NEWTON; TEV PHOTONS; GAMMA-RAYS; ENERGY; RADIATION; EMISSION; SYNCHROTRON; VIEW; JET;

D O I：

10.1088/0004-637X/703/1/169

中图分类号：

P1 [天文学];

学科分类号：

0704 ;

摘要：

We report on the results of two coordinated multiwavelength campaigns that focused on the blazar Markarian 421 during its 2006 and 2008 outbursts. These campaigns obtained UV and X-ray data using the XMM-Newton satellite, while the gamma-ray data were obtained utilizing three imaging atmospheric Cerenkov telescopes, the Whipple 10 m telescope and VERITAS, both based in Arizona, as well as the MAGIC telescope, based on La Palma in the Canary Islands. The coordinated effort between the gamma-ray groups allowed for truly simultaneous data in UV/X-ray/gamma-ray wavelengths during a significant portion of the XMM-Newton observations. This simultaneous coverage allowed for a reliable search for correlations between UV, X-ray, and gamma-ray variability over the course of the observations. Investigations of spectral hysteresis and modeling of the spectral energy distributions are also presented.

引用

页码：169 / 178

页数：10

共 46 条

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