Inflammation in neurodegenerative diseases

被引:1069
作者
Amor, Sandra [1 ,2 ]
Puentes, Fabiola [2 ]
Baker, David [2 ]
van der Valk, Paul [1 ]
机构
[1] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands
[2] Queen Mary Univ London, Neuroimmunol Unit, Barts & London Sch Med & Dent, Blizard Inst Cell & Mol Sci,Neurosci Ctr, London, England
关键词
immune response; inflammation; neurodegeneration; neuroprotection; repair; EPSTEIN-BARR-VIRUS; GLYCATION END-PRODUCTS; GRAY-MATTER PATHOLOGY; TOLL-LIKE RECEPTORS; NEUROFILAMENT LIGHT PROTEIN; INNATE IMMUNE-SYSTEM; MULTIPLE-SCLEROSIS; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; ALPHA-SYNUCLEIN;
D O I
10.1111/j.1365-2567.2009.03225.x
中图分类号
R392 [医学免疫学]; Q939.91 [免疫学];
学科分类号
100102 ;
摘要
P>Neurodegeneration, the slow and progressive dysfunction and loss of neurons and axons in the central nervous system, is the primary pathological feature of acute and chronic neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, neurotropic viral infections, stroke, paraneoplastic disorders, traumatic brain injury and multiple sclerosis. Despite different triggering events, a common feature is chronic immune activation, in particular of microglia, the resident macrophages of the central nervous system. Apart from the pathogenic role of immune responses, emerging evidence indicates that immune responses are also critical for neuroregeneration. Here, we review the impact of innate and adaptive immune responses on the central nervous system in autoimmune, viral and other neurodegenerative disorders, and discuss their contribution to either damage or repair. We also discuss potential therapies aimed at the immune responses within the central nervous system. A better understanding of the interaction between the immune and nervous systems will be crucial to either target pathogenic responses, or augment the beneficial effects of immune responses as a strategy to intervene in chronic neurodegenerative diseases.
引用
收藏
页码:154 / 169
页数:16
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