Highly efficient three-dimensional solar evaporator for high salinity desalination by localized crystallization

被引：246

作者：

Wu, Lei ^{[1
]}

Dong, Zhichao ^{[2
]}

Cai, Zheren ^{[1
]}

Ganapathy, Turga ^{[4
]}

Fang, Niocholas X. ^{[4
]}

Li, Chuxin ^{[2
]}

Yu, Cunlong ^{[5
]}

Zhang, Yu ^{[1
,3
]}

Song, Yanlin ^{[1
,3
]}

机构：

[1] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Chem, Key Lab Green Printing, Zhongguancun North First St 2, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China

[2] Chinese Acad Sci, Tech Inst Phys & Chem, CAS Key Lab Bioinspired Mat & Interfacial Sci, 29 Zhongguancun East Rd, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China

[3] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China

[4] MIT, Dept Mech Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA

[5] Beihang Univ, Xueyuan Rd 37, Beijing 100191, Peoples R China

来源：

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS | 2020年 / 11卷 / 01期

基金：

国家重点研发计划;

关键词：

STEAM-GENERATION; WATER-EVAPORATION; ONE SUN; GRAPHENE; SURFACE; HEAT; ELECTRICITY; TRANSPORT;

D O I：

10.1038/s41467-020-14366-1

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

Solar-driven water evaporation represents an environmentally benign method of water purification/desalination. However, the efficiency is limited by increased salt concentration and accumulation. Here, we propose an energy reutilizing strategy based on a bio-mimetic 3D structure. The spontaneously formed water film, with thickness inhomogeneity and temperature gradient, fully utilizes the input energy through Marangoni effect and results in localized salt crystallization. Solar-driven water evaporation rate of 2.63 kg m(-2)h(-1), with energy efficiency of >96% under one sun illumination and under high salinity (25wt% NaCl), and water collecting rate of 1.72 kg m(-2)h(-1) are achieved in purifying natural seawater in a closed system. The crystalized salt freely stands on the 3D evaporator and can be easily removed. Additionally, energy efficiency and water evaporation are not influenced by salt accumulation thanks to an expanded water film inside the salt, indicating the potential for sustainable and practical applications.

引用

页数：12

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