Impact of Chronic Kidney Disease on the Efficacy of Drug-Eluting Stents: Long-term Follow-up Study

Background: Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) submitted to coronary angioplasty have higher rates of target lesion revascularization (TLR) and mortality. Drug-eluting stents (DES) are associated with a lower rate of restenosis, compared to bare metal stents (BMS), although data on DES efficacy and safety is limited in patients with CKD. Objective: We sought to evaluate the safety and efficacy of DES in patients with significant CKD as compared to patients without normal renal function in a real world registry. Methods: 504 patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention with DES in two centers were included. Outcomes were stratified based on the presence of CKD, defined as a baseline glomerular filtration rate (GFR) < 60 ml/min/1.73 m(2). Results: The mean follow-up was 22.7 months. CKD was present in 165 patients (32.7%). Patients with CKD were older, had a higher incidence of hypertension and diabetes. CKD patients presented an increased incidence of death (12.3% vs 2.4%, p < 0.001) and myocardial infarction (MI) (7.4% vs 3.3%, p = 0.04) compared to patients without CKD. TLR rates were similar between groups (4.8% vs 5.6%, p = 0.7, CKD and no CKD patients, respectively). Independent predictors of death were CKD (HR 6.93; 2.4 - 19.5, p < 0.001), current smoking (HR 3.66; 1.20 - 11.10, p = 0.02) and diabetes (HR 2.66; 1.03 - 6.60, p = 0.045). Conclusion: In this registry, coronary intervention with DES in patients with CKD was associated with similar TLR compared to patients without CKD, demonstrating the efficacy of DES in preventing in-stent restenosis in this patient population. CKD was related to significantly increased MI and mortality rates. (Arq Bras Cardiol 2011;96(5):346-352)