Smoking and nicotine dependence in Germany -: A clinical and epidemiological perspective

The use of tobacco may cause numerous physical disorders and may lead to a mental disorder nicotine dependence. Aims: To determine the prevalence of smoking and nicotine dependence, the existence of treament approaches and their availability in Germany. Method: Review of relevant population surveys and effectiveness studies. Results: Smoking is highly prevalent and nicotine dependence is one of the most frequent mental disorders. Evidence for the efficacy of smoking cessation interventions has become available but only few smokers are acutally ready to quit. Especially, the most effective interventions with multiple formats are rarely used. Moreover, there is lack of professional treatment providers. Conclusion: Provision of smoking cessation treatments is inadequade in Germany and needs to be improved. A nationwide infastructure and improved reimbursement for smoking cessation interventions by health insurance companies need to be set up. This increase in professionalism will offer psychologists attractive opportunities for expanding their actitivies.