Biocompatible borate glasses doped with Gd2O3 for biomedical applications

The studied materials contain two different types of intermediates (SrO and Gd2O3) which can enhance the biocompatible behavior of the material. Melt annealing was used to prepare new bioactive borate glasses with a composition of 42.7B(2)O(3)-(23.5-x) CaO-26Na(2)O-5SrO-2.8P(2)O(5)-xGd(2)O(3) with 0 <= x <= 0.5 mol %. A heat-treated procedure was used to produce the glass-ceramic derivatives, which were characterized using various measurement techniques. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to test the prepared glass and its glass-ceramic derivatives before and after soaking in testing solutions (K2HPO4) and simulated body fluid (SBF) at 37 degrees C for different time intervals. After immersion in the K2HPO4 and SBF solutions, two FTIR absorbed bands were clearly formed at roughly 567 and 607 cm(-1), suggesting the formation of the hydroxyapatite layer (HA). The major well-formed crystalline phases are calcium phosphate (Ca-3(PO4)(2)) and calcium borate (CaB2O4) bioactive phases. These findings suggest that all prepared glass samples have good bioactivity, making them ideal for a variety of biological applications.