Challenges, interface engineering, and processing strategies toward practical sulfide-based all-solid-state lithium batteries

All-solid-state lithium batteries have emerged as a priority candidate for the next generation of safe and energy-dense energy storage devices surpassing state-of-art lithium-ion batteries. Among multitudinous solid-state batteries based on solid electrolytes (SEs), sulfide SEs have attracted burgeoning scrutiny due to their superior ionic conductivity and outstanding formability. However, from the perspective of their practical applications concerning cell integration and production, it is still extremely challenging to constructing compatible electrolyte/electrode interfaces and developing available scale processing technologies. This review presents a critical overview of the current underlying understanding of interfacial issues and analyzes the main processing challenges faced by sulfide-based all-solid-state batteries from the aspects of cost-effective and energy-dense design. Besides, the corresponding approaches involving interface engineering and processing protocols for addressing these issues and challenges are summarized. Fundamental and engineering perspectives on future development avenues toward practical application of high energy, safety, and long-life sulfide-based all-solid-state batteries are ultimately provided.