Human disturbance and shifts in vertebrate community composition in a biodiversity hotspot

被引:15
|
作者
Soto, Juan S. Vargas [1 ,2 ]
Beirne, Christopher [3 ]
Whitworth, Andrew [4 ,5 ]
Diaz, Juan Carlos Cruz [6 ,7 ]
Flatt, Eleanor [4 ]
Pillco-Huarcaya, Ruthmery [4 ,8 ]
Olson, Erik R. [9 ]
Azofeifa, Alejandro [10 ]
Saborio-R, Guido [10 ]
Salom-Perez, Roberto [11 ]
Espinoza-Munoz, Deiver [11 ]
Hay, Leslie [12 ]
Whittaker, Lawrence [4 ,13 ]
Roldan, Carmen [14 ]
Bedoya-Arrieta, Ricardo [14 ]
Broadbent, Eben North [15 ]
Molnar, Peter K. [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Toronto, Biol Sci Dept, Lab Quantitat Global Change Ecol, 1265 Mil Trail, Scarborough, ON M1C 1A4, Canada
[2] Univ Toronto, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Toronto, ON, Canada
[3] Univ British Columbia, Dept Forest Resources Management, Vancouver, BC, Canada
[4] Osa Conservat, Washington, DC USA
[5] Univ Glasgow, Coll Med Vet & Life Sci, Inst Biodivers Anim Hlth & Comparat Med, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland
[6] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA
[7] Nama Conservat, Heredia, Costa Rica
[8] Univ Nacl San Antonio Abad del Cusco UNSAAC, Cuzco, Peru
[9] Northland Coll, Ashland, WI USA
[10] Sistema Nacl Areas Conservac, Area Conservac Osa, Golfito, Costa Rica
[11] Panthera, San Jose, Costa Rica
[12] US Forest Serv, Southwestern Reg Wildlife Program, Albuquerque, NM USA
[13] Rainforest Connect, San Francisco, CA USA
[14] Fondo Nacl Financiamiento Forestal, San Jose, Costa Rica
[15] Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Spatial Ecol & Conservat SPEC Lab, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA
基金
加拿大创新基金会; 加拿大自然科学与工程研究理事会;
关键词
camera-trapping; collaborative network; community shift; endangered species; tropical forests; CORCOVADO NATIONAL-PARK; PROTECTED AREAS; PANTHERA-ONCA; OSA PENINSULA; HABITAT LOSS; FOREST; CONSERVATION; IMPACTS; POPULATIONS; EXTINCTION;
D O I
10.1111/cobi.13813
中图分类号
X176 [生物多样性保护];
学科分类号
090705 ;
摘要
Understanding how human modification of the landscape shapes vertebrate community composition is vital to understanding the current status and future trajectory of wildlife. Using a participatory approach, we deployed the largest camera-trap network in Mesoamerica to date to investigate how anthropogenic disturbance shapes the occupancy and co-occurrence of terrestrial vertebrate species in a tropical biodiversity hotspot: the Osa Peninsula, Costa Rica. We estimated species richness in different categories of land protection with rarefaction analysis and estimated the expected occupancy with a joint species distribution model that included covariates for anthropogenic disturbance, land protection, habitat quality, and habitat availability. Areas with the most stringent land-use protections (e.g., Corcovado National Park, 24 species [95% CI 23-25]) harbored significantly more species than unprotected areas (20 species [19.7-20.3]), mainly due to a reduced presence of large-bodied species of conservation concern in unprotected areas (e.g., jaguar Panthera onca and white-lipped peccary Tayassu pecari). Small-bodied generalist species, such as opossums (Didelphidae) and armadillos (Dasypus novemcinctus), in contrast, were more common at disturbed sites, resulting in a significant difference in vertebrate community composition between sites with low and high disturbance. Co-occurrence of species was also mainly associated with response to disturbance. Similar responses to disturbance create two groups of species, those whose site-level occupancy usually increased as anthropogenic disturbance increased and those whose estimated occupancy decreased. The absence of large-bodied species entails an important loss of ecological function in disturbed areas and can hinder forest development and maintenance. Efforts to protect and restore forested landscapes are likely having a positive effect on the abundance of some threatened species. These efforts, however, must be sustained and expanded to increase connectivity and ensure the long-term viability of the wildlife community.
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页数:13
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