The Epistemic Revolution Induced by Microbiome Studies: An Interdisciplinary View

被引：6

作者：

Bapteste, Eric ^{[1
]}

Gerard, Philippe ^{[2
]}

Larose, Catherine ^{[3
]}

Blouin, Manuel ^{[4
]}

Not, Fabrice ^{[5
]}

Campos, Liliane ^{[6
,7
]}

Aidan, Geraldine ^{[8
]}

Selosse, M. Andre ^{[1
,9
]}

Adenis, M. Sarah ^{[10
]}

Bouchard, Frederic ^{[11
]}

Dutreuil, Sebastien ^{[12
]}

Corel, Eduardo ^{[1
]}

Vigliotti, Chloe ^{[13
]}

Huneman, Philippe ^{[14
]}

Lapointe, F. Joseph ^{[15
]}

Lopez, Philippe ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Antilles, Inst Systemat Evolut Biodiversite ISYEB, Museum Natl Hist Nat, EPHE,Sorbonne Univ, F-75005 Paris, France

[2] Univ Paris Saclay, Micalis Inst, INRAE, AgroParisTech, F-78350 Jouy En Josas, France

[3] Univ Lyon, Environm Microbial Genom, Lab Ampere, Ecole Cent Lyon,CNRS, F-69134 Ecully, France

[4] Univ Bourgogne, Dept Agron Agroequipements Elevage Environm, UMR 1347 Agroecol, INRA,AgroSup, 26 Bd Docteur Petitjean,BP 87999, F-21079 Dijon, France

[5] Sorbonne Univ, CNRS, AD2M UMR7144, Stn Biol Roscoff, F-29680 Roscoff, France

[6] Univ Sorbonne Nouvelle, PRISMES Langues Textes Arts & Cultures Monde Angl, EA 4398, F-75005 Paris, France

[7] Inst Univ France, F-75005 Paris, France

[8] Univ Paris II Pantheon Assas, CERSA, UMR 7106, CNRS, 10 Rue Thenard, F-75005 Paris, France

[9] Univ Gdansk, Fac Biol, Ul Wita Stwosza 59, PL-80308 Gdansk, Poland

[10] PILI, 16 Ave Bas Meudon, F-92130 Issy Les Moulineaux, France

[11] Univ Montreal, Dept Philosophie, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada

[12] Univ Aix Marseille, Ctr Gilles Gaston Granger, CNRS, UMR7304,Site Schuman, 29 Ave Robert Schuman, F-13621 Aix En Provence, France

[13] UMR MIA PARIS, 16 Rue Claude Bernard, F-75005 Paris, France

[14] Univ Paris I Sorbonne, Inst Hist & Philosophie Sci & Tech, CNRS, 13 Rue Four, F-75006 Paris, France

[15] Univ Montreal, Dept Sci Biol, Complexe Sci, 1375 Ave Therese Lavoie Roux, Montreal, PQ H2V 0B3, Canada

来源：

BIOLOGY-BASEL | 2021年 / 10卷 / 07期

关键词：

microbiomes; evolutionary microbiology; microbial ecology; networks; individuals; selection; philosophy of biology; humanities; visual art; literature; law; ARTIFICIAL SELECTION; COMMUNITY EVOLUTION; INDIVIDUALITY; PERSISTENCE;

D O I：

10.3390/biology10070651

中图分类号：

Q [生物科学];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

Simple Summary This interdisciplinary study, conducted by experts in evolutionary biology, ecology, ecosystem studies, arts, medicine, forensic analyses, agriculture, law, and philosophy of science describe how microbiome studies are convergently affecting the concepts and practices of diverse fields and practices, that now consider microbiomes within their legitimate scope. Consequently, it describes what seems to be an ongoing pluridisciplinary epistemic revolution, with the potential to fundamentally change how we understand the world through an ecologization of pre-existing concepts, a greater focus on interactions, the use of multi-scalar interaction networks as explanatory frameworks, the reconceptualization of the usual definitions of individuals, and a de-anthropocentrification of our perception of phenomena. Many separate fields and practices nowadays consider microbes as part of their legitimate focus. Therefore, microbiome studies may act as unexpected unifying forces across very different disciplines. Here, we summarize how microbiomes appear as novel major biological players, offer new artistic frontiers, new uses from medicine to laws, and inspire novel ontologies. We identify several convergent emerging themes across ecosystem studies, microbial and evolutionary ecology, arts, medicine, forensic analyses, law and philosophy of science, as well as some outstanding issues raised by microbiome studies across these disciplines and practices. An 'epistemic revolution induced by microbiome studies' seems to be ongoing, characterized by four features: (i) an ecologization of pre-existing concepts within disciplines, (ii) a growing interest in systemic analyses of the investigated or represented phenomena and a greater focus on interactions as their root causes, (iii) the intent to use openly multi-scalar interaction networks as an explanatory framework to investigate phenomena to acknowledge the causal effects of microbiomes, (iv) a reconceptualization of the usual definitions of which individuals are worth considering as an explanans or as an explanandum by a given field, which result in a fifth strong trend, namely (v) a de-anthropocentrification of our perception of the world.

引用

页数：15

共 77 条

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