Toxicity and antibacterial assessment of chitosan-coated silver nanoparticles on human pathogens and macrophage cells

被引:180
作者
Jena, Prajna [1 ]
Mohanty, Soumitra [1 ]
Mallick, Rojee [1 ]
Jacob, Biju [2 ]
Sonawane, Avinash [1 ]
机构
[1] KIIT Univ, Sch Biotechnol, Bhubaneswar 751024, Orissa, India
[2] Technopk Technol Business Incubator, Ctr Innovat, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
关键词
chitosan-silver nanoparticles; antibiofilm; cytotoxicity; genotoxicity; GOLD NANOPARTICLES; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; CYTOTOXICITY; SHAPE; NANOCRYSTALS; GENOTOXICITY; ANTIBIOTICS; FIBROBLASTS;
D O I
10.2147/IJN.S28077
中图分类号
TB3 [工程材料学];
学科分类号
0805 ; 080502 ;
摘要
Background: Pathogenic bacteria are able to develop various strategies to counteract the bactericidal action of antibiotics. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have emerged as a potential alternative to conventional antibiotics because of their potent antimicrobial properties. The purpose of this study was to synthesize chitosan-stabilized AgNPs (CS-AgNPs) and test for their cytotoxic, genotoxic, macrophage cell uptake, antibacterial, and antibiofilm activities. Methods: AgNPs were synthesized using chitosan as both a stabilizing and a reducing agent. Antibacterial activity was determined by colony-forming unit assay and scanning electron microscopy. Genotoxic and cytotoxic activity were determined by DNA fragmentation, comet, and MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] assays. Cellular uptake and intracellular antibacterial activity were tested on macrophages. Results: CS-AgNPs exhibited potent antibacterial activity against different human pathogens and also impeded bacterial biofilm formation. Scanning electron microscopy analysis indicated that CS-AgNPs kill bacteria by disrupting the cell membrane. CS-AgNPs showed no significant cytotoxic or DNA damage effect on macrophages at the bactericidal dose. Propidium iodide staining indicated active endocytosis of CS-AgNPs resulting in reduced intracellular bacterial survival in macrophages. Conclusion: The present study concludes that at a specific dose, chitosan-based AgNPs kill bacteria without harming the host cells, thus representing a potential template for the design of antibacterial agents to decrease bacterial colonization and to overcome the problem of drug resistance.
引用
收藏
页码:1805 / 1818
页数:14
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