Tumor Heterogeneity in Primary Colorectal Cancer and Corresponding Metastases. Does the Apple Fall Far From the Tree?

被引：60

作者：

Blank, Annika ^{[1
,2
]}

Roberts, Daniel Edward Il ^{[1
]}

Dawson, Heather ^{[2
]}

Zlobec, Inti ^{[3
]}

Lugli, Alessandro ^{[2
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Pathol, San Francisco, CA 94140 USA

[2] Univ Bern, Inst Pathol, Clin Pathol Div, Bern, Switzerland

[3] Univ Bern, Translat Res Unit, Inst Pathol, Bern, Switzerland

来源：

FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE | 2018年 / 5卷

关键词：

heterogeneity; colorectal cancer; metastases; clonal evolution; cancer stem cells; ANTI-EGFR THERAPY; INTRATUMORAL GENETIC-HETEROGENEITY; KRAS MUTATIONS; STEM-CELLS; ACQUIRED-RESISTANCE; LIVER METASTASIS; RAS MUTATIONS; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; MATCHED METASTASES; HUMAN BREAST;

D O I：

10.3389/fmed.2018.00234

中图分类号：

R5 [内科学];

学科分类号：

1002 ; 100201 ;

摘要：

Colorectal cancer harbors tremendous heterogeneity, with temporal and spatial differences in genetic mutations, epigenetic regulation, and tumor microenvironment. Analyzing the distribution and frequency of genetic, epigenetic, and microenvironment differences within a given tumor and between different sites of a metastatic tumor has been used as a powerful tool to investigate tumorigenesis, tumor progression, and to yield insight into various models of tumor development. A better understanding of tumor heterogeneity would have tremendous clinical relevance, which may manifest most clearly when genetic analyses to inform treatment decisions are performed on a very limited sample of a large tumor. This review summarizes the current concepts of tumor heterogeneity, with a focus on primary colorectal cancers and their corresponding metastases as well as potential clinical implications.

引用

页数：8

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