HIV Stigma and Status Disclosure in Three Municipalities in Ghana

被引:22
作者
Adam, Awolu [1 ,2 ]
Fusheini, Adam [2 ,3 ]
Ayanore, Martin Amogre [4 ]
Amuna, Norbert [1 ]
Agbozo, Faith [1 ]
Kugbey, Nuworza [5 ]
Appiah, Prince Kubi [1 ]
Asalu, Geoffrey Adenuga [1 ]
Agbemafle, Isaac [1 ]
Akpalu, Bright [1 ]
Klomegah, Senam [1 ]
Nayina, Abdulrazak [6 ]
Hadzi, Doris [1 ]
Afeti, Kingsley [1 ]
Makam, Christopher Emmanuel [6 ]
Mensah, Felix [7 ]
Zotor, Francis Bruno [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Hlth & Allied Sci, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Family & Community Hlth, Ho, Ghana
[2] Ctr Hlth Literacy & Rural Hlth Promot, POB GP1563, Accra, Ghana
[3] Dunedin Sch Med, Dept Prevent & Social Med, POB 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
[4] Univ Hlth & Allied Sci, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Policy Planning & Management, Ho, Ghana
[5] Univ Environm & Sustainable Dev, Sch Nat & Environm Sci, Dept Gen Studies, Somanya, Ghana
[6] Univ Hlth & Allied Sci, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Ho, Ghana
[7] Hohoe Municipal Hosp, HIV Counseling & Voluntary Testing Ctr, Hohoe, Ghana
关键词
CARE; PERCEPTIONS; ADOLESCENTS; PREVALENCE; CHILDREN;
D O I
10.5334/aogh.3120
中图分类号
R1 [预防医学、卫生学];
学科分类号
1004 ; 120402 ;
摘要
Background: HIV-related stigma and HIV status disclosure are important elements in the continuous fight against HIV as these impact the prevention efforts and antiretroviral treatment adherence among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in many communities. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to examine the prevalence and experience of various types of HIV-related stigma and HIV status disclosure among PLWHA in Volta region. Methods: A cross-sectional design was used to collect quantitative data from 301 PLWHA. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze and present data on socio-demographic variables. Correlation analysis was done to determine factors associated with HIV stigma and status disclosure while a Mann-Whitney U test was used to determine differences in internalized HIV stigma. Findings: The mean age of the participants was 44.82 (SD: 12.22), 224 (74.4%) were female, and 90% attained at least primary education. A Pearson r analysis revealed that ethnicity (r[299] = 0.170, p = 0.003), religious affiliation (r[299] = -0.205, p = 0.001) and social support (r[299] = 0.142, p = 0.014) significantly predicted disclosure of HIV status. Fear of family rejection (62%) and shame (56%) were reasons for non-disclosure of HIV status. A Mann-Whitney's U-test revealed that females are more likely than males to internalize HIV stigma. Community-related HIV stigma in the form of gossip (56.1%), verbal harassment (30.9%), and physical harassment (8.6%) was reported. Conclusion: A high rate of HIV status disclosure was found with social support, ethnicity, and religious affiliation being the associated factors. Internalized HIV stigma is prevalent among PLWHA while community-related stigma impacts HIV status disclosure. Strengthening social support systems and implementing culturally appropriate educational interventions may help in reducing community-related HIV stigma.
引用
收藏
页码:1 / 12
页数:12
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