Clinical Implications of Drug Resistant Anaerobes in Respiratory Tract Infections and Intra-Abdominal Infections

A guideline for management of anaerobic infections was published in 2007 in Japan. which is presented by Japanese Society for Chemotherapy and Japanese Association for Anaerobic Infection Research. The level of acknowledgment of anaerobic infection is low, because microbial examination on anaerobes in hospital clinical laboratory is limited, there are no reference centers on anaerobes in Japan, and the bacterial name is terribly changed. But. Polymicrobial infections between aerobes and anaerobes occupies 60 to 80 % in various infectious diseases, in lower respiratory infections. polymicrobial infection are seen in 80 %, and in intra-abdominal infections, about In Japan. since injectable metronidazole cannnot be available, and there exists the problems of clindamycin resistant anaerobes except of Prevottella species. Our therapeutic strategy would be rather limited.