Thermal Physiology and Local Responses of Human Body during Exercise in Hot Conditions

Body temperature is maintained by effective thermoregulation, which balances the process of heat production and heat loss. Heat balance includes heat production of energy and heat loss. Skin moisture/water evaporation from the body plays an important role in heat transfer, especially during exercising or in hot conditions. The regional skin evaporation could significantly affect the heat release of the body localized, the pattern of skin temperature distribution, and in terms influence the thermoregulation. The distribution sweat evaporation and skin temperature could also be applied as a means for managing the body thermoregulation. This review systematically investigates the thermoregulation of human body, local skin evaporation and skin temperature distribution, to highlight its application in the development of sportswear and prevention of heat disorder in hot condition.