Vertical Nitrate Flux Induced by Kelvin-Helmholtz Billows Over a Seamount in the Kuroshio

被引:7
作者
Acabado, Cristy S. [1 ,2 ,3 ]
Cheng, Yu-Hsin [4 ,5 ]
Chang, Ming-Huei [4 ]
Chen, Chung-Chi [2 ,6 ]
机构
[1] Acad Sinica, Taiwan Int Grad Program, Biodivers Program, Taipei, Taiwan
[2] Natl Taiwan Normal Univ, Dept Life Sci, Taipei, Taiwan
[3] Univ Philippines Visayas, Coll Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Inst Marine Fisheries & Oceanol, Iloilo, Philippines
[4] Natl Taiwan Univ, Inst Oceanog, Taipei, Taiwan
[5] Natl Taiwan Ocean Univ, Dept Marine Environm Informat, Keelung, Taiwan
[6] Natl Dong Hwa Univ, Coll Marine Sci, Hualien, Taiwan
关键词
Kelvin-Helmholtz billows; nutrient; nitrate flux; seamount; the Kuroshio; turbulence; CHINA SEA; TURBULENCE; EAST; TRANSPORT; SOUTH; DISSIPATION; VARIABILITY; OVERTURNS; DYNAMICS; EXCHANGE;
D O I
10.3389/fmars.2021.680729
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
Kelvin-Helmholtz (KH) billows can facilitate microscale turbulent mixing around seamounts in the Kuroshio. This study sought to describe the influence of billow intensity (i.e., "intermittent and small" and "steady and large" billows) on vertical nitrate fluxes. KH billows led to turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rates [epsilon = O (10(-7) to 10(-6)) W kg(-1)] and eddy diffusivities [K-rho = O (10(-4) to 10(-3)) m(2) s(-1)] that were significantly stronger than those outside the billow depths. The mean nitrate flux estimated using K-rho in the billow depths had a maximal value of 10.0 mmol m(-2) day(-1), which was much higher than estimates for the open ocean. The nitrate flux associated with the shallow KH billows at two vertical levels contributed to enrich the subsurface phytoplankton maximum, while the deeper billows closer to the summit were found to induce a large amount of nitrate flux from the deeper to the subsurface water. This study showed that KH billows make important contributions to seamount ecosystems, particularly in the cycling and vertical mixing of nutrients to make them available for potential downstream transport.
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页数:14
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