A Distributed Energy-Efficient Resource Allocation Mechanism for Multimedia Broadband Services in 5G Ultra-dense Networks

Traffic-intensive Multimedia Broadband Services (MBS) lead to the explosive mobile traffic growth in 5G network, and Ultra-dense Networks (UDNs) is a potential solution for it. However, the densification of large numbers of Small-cell Base Stations (SBSs) in UDN faces huge energy consumption challenge. Therefore in this paper, we propose a distributed energy-efficient resource allocation mechanism for 5G UDN meeting MBS users' QoS. First, we use K-means++ algorithm to cluster the BSs, reducing the complexity of resource allocation. Then, we propose a BS-sleeping algorithm in each cluster to reduce the overall network energy consumption. Finally, we adopt an iterative transmit power optimization method in each cluster to further improve the Energy Efficiency (EE) of UDN. Simulation results show that the proposed approach can effectively reduce the energy consumption and can improve the EE of UDN by nearly 23% while guaranteeing the QoS of MBS User Equipments (UEs).