Disease-specific and patient-reported outcomes under active surveillance

Purpose of review To give insight into literature from the past 12-18 months, reporting on disease-specific and patient-reported outcomes of men under active surveillance for prostate cancer. Recent findings From recently published established active surveillance cohorts, we learnt that medium and long-term follow-up outcome data provide favorable evidence for the feasibility and safety of active surveillance. The mortality rates reported are consistent with expected mortality in favorable-risk patients who were managed with initial radical therapy. More definite conclusions on the safety of active surveillance can only be drawn on the basis of randomized controlled trial data. With respect to quality of life, men on active surveillance seem to do well, also with respect to urinary and erectile function. Further research on this subject is, however, warranted. Summary Prostate cancer-specific mortality under active surveillance is very low. The combination of disease-specific and patient-reported outcomes indicates that active surveillance is feasible. This is also reflected in smaller, population-based studies which confirm the acceptance of active surveillance in clinical practice.