Functions of DNA methylation: islands, start sites, gene bodies and beyond

被引：4179
作者：
Jones, Peter A. [1 ]
机构：
[1] Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, USC Norris Comprehens Canc Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA
来源：
NATURE REVIEWS GENETICS | 2012年 / 13卷 / 07期
基金：
美国国家卫生研究院;
关键词：
DE-NOVO METHYLATION; CPG ISLAND; CHROMATIN-STRUCTURE; CYTOSINE METHYLATION; BINDING SITES; 5-HYDROXYMETHYLCYTOSINE; HYPERMETHYLATION; CELLS; DEMETHYLATION; TRANSCRIPTION;
D O I：
10.1038/nrg3230
中图分类号：
Q3 [遗传学];
学科分类号：
071007 ; 090102 ;
摘要：
DNA methylation is frequently described as a 'silencing' epigenetic mark, and indeed this function of 5-methylcytosine was originally proposed in the 1970s. Now, thanks to improved genome-scale mapping of methylation, we can evaluate DNA methylation in different genomic contexts: transcriptional start sites with or without CpG islands, in gene bodies, at regulatory elements and at repeat sequences. The emerging picture is that the function of DNA methylation seems to vary with context, and the relationship between DNA methylation and transcription is more nuanced than we realized at first. Improving our understanding of the functions of DNA methylation is necessary for interpreting changes in this mark that are observed in diseases such as cancer.
引用
收藏
页码：484 / 492
页数：9
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