Quantum entanglement as a quantifiable resource

被引:81
作者
Wootters, WK [1 ]
机构
[1] Williams Coll, Dept Phys, Williamstown, MA 01267 USA
来源
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES | 1998年 / 356卷 / 1743期
关键词
entanglement; teleportation; dense coding; quantum communication;
D O I
10.1098/rsta.1998.0244
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Quantum mechanical objects can exhibit correlations with one another that are fundamentally at odds with the paradigm of classical physics; one says that the objects are 'entangled'. In the past few years, entanglement has come to be studied not only as a marvel of nature but as a potential resource, particularly as a resource for certain unusual kinds of communication. This paper reviews two such uses of entanglement, called 'teleportation' and 'dense coding'. Teleportation is the direct, though not instantaneous, transfer of a quantum state from one object to another over a distance. Dense coding is the effective doubling of the information-carrying capacity of a quantum particle through prior entanglement with a particle at the receiving end. The final section of the paper presents various quantitative measures of entanglement and considers novel features that arise when entanglement is shared among three objects.
引用
收藏
页码:1717 / 1730
页数:14
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